Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38112914›Full record

Observational studyIndian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology2024

Effectiveness and safety of Shankhaprakshalana-a yogic technique-in bowel preparation for colonoscopy: A retrospective study.

Manas Kumar Panigrahi, Jain Harsh Prakash, Mohd Imran Chouhan, Prajna Anirvan, Mansi Chaudhary, Shubham Gupta, Hemanta Kumar Nayak, Ajaya Ghosh R U, Rajesh Manik, Mitali Madhumita Rath

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Nurturing gut health: A comprehensive framework.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Review
  2. Research progress on intestinal preparation before colonoscopy.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Manas Kumar PanigrahiDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India. manaskumarpanigrahi@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-9540-3686
Jain Harsh PrakashDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Mohd Imran ChouhanDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Prajna AnirvanDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Mansi ChaudharyDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Shubham GuptaDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Hemanta Kumar NayakDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Ajaya Ghosh R UDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Rajesh ManikDepartment of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
Mitali Madhumita RathDepartment of Pathology, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, 751 010, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionShankhaprakshalana (SP) is a yogic method aiming to cleanse the bowel. It involves the use of warm saline water and a combination of five asanas. This study was designed to assess the effectiveness and safety of bowel preparation by SP.

methodsThis is a retrospective observational study of prospectively collected data. Patients planned for colonoscopy were screened and enrolled to undergo bowel preparation by SP on the day of the colonoscopy. Patients having comorbid conditions, poor performance status, suspected or previously diagnosed intestinal stricture and past history of major abdominal surgery and those unable to perform asanas of SP were excluded. A low-fiber diet was advised for one day before the colonoscopy. Patients were advised to drink 400 mL of lukewarm saline water followed by five asanas (exercises) of SP, each done eight times dynamically and sequentially. After completing six such cycles, patients underwent colonoscopy. Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score was used to assess the quality of bowel preparation.

resultsTotal 238 patients were included. The major indications for colonoscopy were abdominal pain (35.3%), hematochezia (23.9%), diarrhea (20.2%), constipation (10.9%) and anemia (9.7%). The mean age was 37.7 (± 12) years. The mean BBPS was 8 (± 1.2). Bowel preparation was inadequate (BBPS < 6) in only two patients. Mean segmental BBPS for the three segments of the colon (right, transverse and left) was 2.6 (± 0.5), 2.7 (± 0.4) and 2.6 (± 0.7), respectively. Minor adverse events (nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, giddiness and bloating) were noted in 10 participants (4.2%), which did not require hospitalization. Bowel preparation was completed in 133 (± 35) minutes.

conclusionShankhaprakshalana is an effective and safe method to achieve adequate bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Since this is a single-center and retrospective study, future multi-centric, prospective studies comparing it with the standard bowel preparation regimens are warranted.

Indexed as

ColonoscopyAdultCatharticsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultCatharticsAdequacyAsanaBoston Bowel Preparation ScaleBowel preparationColonoscopyPolyethylene glycol (PEG)ShankhaprakshalanaTolerabilityYoga

Identifiers

PMID38112914

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.