ArticleScientific data2023
A large-scale dataset of patient summaries for retrieval-based clinical decision support systems.
Article in Scientific data, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Orchestrator multi-agent clinical decision support system for secondary headache diagnosis in primary care.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2026Article
- Effects of Model Choice, Corpus Context, and Post Hoc Correction on Layer-Level Embedding Degradation in Clinical Document Retrieval: Experimental Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- The detectability paradox: bilingual medical report generation with open-weight models and the limits of human oversight.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2026Article
- Clinical Context Variables Collectively Rival Model Choice in Embedding-Based Retrieval: Multi-Corpus Benchmark Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Reframing AI for Rare Disease Recognition.Research square · 2026Article
- GEN-KnowRD: Reframing AI for Rare Disease Recognition.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
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- SynthEHR-eviction: enhancing eviction SDoH detection with LLM-augmented synthetic EHR data.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Uncertainty-aware large language models for explainable disease diagnosis.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Quantifying the reasoning abilities of LLMs on clinical cases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Adversarial prompt and fine-tuning attacks threaten medical large language models.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Towards generalist foundation model for radiology by leveraging web-scale 2D&3D medical data.Nature communications · 2025Article
- CaseReportBench: An LLM Benchmark Dataset for Dense Information Extraction in Clinical Case Reports.Proceedings of machine learning research · 2025Article
- MCQG-SRefine: Multiple Choice Question Generation and Evaluation with Iterative Self-Critique, Correction, and Comparison Feedback.Proceedings of the conference. Association for Computational Linguistics. North American Chapter. Meeting · 2025Article
- Preliminary analysis of the impact of lab results on large language model generated differential diagnoses.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
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- Language Enhanced Model for Eye (LEME): An Open-Source Ophthalmology-Specific Large Language Model.ArXiv · 2024Article
- Unmasking and quantifying racial bias of large language models in medical report generation.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- CoRTEx: contrastive learning for representing terms via explanations with applications on constructing biomedical knowledge graphs.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Retrieval-based Clinical Decision Support (ReCDS) can aid clinical workflow by providing relevant literature and similar patients for a given patient. However, the development of ReCDS systems has been severely obstructed by the lack of diverse patient collections and publicly available large-scale patient-level annotation datasets. In this paper, we collect a novel dataset of patient summaries and relations called PMC-Patients to benchmark two ReCDS tasks: Patient-to-Article Retrieval (ReCDS-PAR) and Patient-to-Patient Retrieval (ReCDS-PPR). Specifically, we extract patient summaries from PubMed Central articles using simple heuristics and utilize the PubMed citation graph to define patient-article relevance and patient-patient similarity. PMC-Patients contains 167k patient summaries with 3.1 M patient-article relevance annotations and 293k patient-patient similarity annotations, which is the largest-scale resource for ReCDS and also one of the largest patient collections. Human evaluation and analysis show that PMC-Patients is a diverse dataset with high-quality annotations. We also implement and evaluate several ReCDS systems on the PMC-Patients benchmarks to show its challenges and conduct several case studies to show the clinical utility of PMC-Patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.