ArticleiScience2023
Effect of microgravity on mammalian embryo development evaluated at the International Space Station.
Article in iScience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spaceborne and spaceborn: Physiological aspects of pregnancy and birth during interplanetary flight.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Future challenges for astrocytology, astroembryology and astrohistology.NPJ microgravity · 2026Review
- Gravity as a Boundary Condition for the Evolution of Three-Dimensional Multicellularity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Simulated microgravity alters sperm navigation, fertilization and embryo development in mammals.Communications biology · 2026Article
- The challenges and prospects of mammalian reproduction in extraterrestrial environments.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Germline transmission of cryopreserved mouse spermatogonial stem cells maintained on the International Space Station.Stem cell reports · 2025Article
- Monosodium glutamate enhances freeze-dried mouse sperm quality during room-temperature storage.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Oxidative Damage Under Microgravity Conditions: Response Mechanisms, Monitoring Methods and Countermeasures on Somatic and Germ Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Can Humanity Thrive Beyond the Galaxy?The Journal of reproduction and development · 2025Review
- The Critical Role of YAP/BMP/ID1 Axis on Simulated Microgravity-Induced Neural Tube Defects in Human Brain Organoids.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Beyond Earth's bounds: navigating the frontiers of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) in space.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Review
- Beyond the Inner Cell Mass: Evaluating the Impact of Inner Cell Mass Visibility on Implantation Prediction in Static Blastocyst Images - A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of human reproductive sciencesArticle
- Taking the 3Rs to a higher level: replacement and reduction of animal testing in life sciences in space research.Biotechnology advancesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
26 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian embryos differentiate into the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm at the 8-16 cell stage. The ICM forms a single cluster that develops into a single fetus. However, the factors that determine differentiation and single cluster formation are unknown. Here we investigated whether embryos could develop normally without gravity. As the embryos cannot be handled by an untrained astronaut, a new device was developed for this purpose. Using this device, two-cell frozen mouse embryos launched to the International Space Station were thawed and cultured by the astronauts under microgravity for 4 days. The embryos cultured under microgravity conditions developed into blastocysts with normal cell numbers, ICM, trophectoderm, and gene expression profiles similar to those cultured under artificial-1 g control on the International Space Station and ground-1 g control, which clearly demonstrated that gravity had no significant effect on the blastocyst formation and initial differentiation of mammalian embryos.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.