ReviewPeerJ2023
New insights into the role of GSK-3β in the brain: from neurodegenerative disease to tumorigenesis.
Review in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of the evidence on the influence of Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz radiation on oxidative stress and its possible relationship with Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Targeting the BACE1-GSK-3β Signaling Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Crosstalk to Nanotechnology-Based Translational Strategies.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Unraveling the Mechanistic Insights ofNutrients · 2026Review
- Clinical Significance and Changes in Levels of Serum BDNF, mBDNF, AQP4, proBDNF, and GSK3β in Individuals Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Repurposing primaquine diphosphate for imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia via targeting BCR-ABL and Wnt/β-catenin pathway.iScience · 2026Article
- Isoorientin inhibits oxidative stress to ameliorate cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mice via GSK3β/Nrf2 axis.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Review
- 8-Gingerol Mitigates MPPNeurochemical research · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Disruption Induced by Chronic Methamphetamine Exposure: A Narrative Review.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Reimagining GSK-3β Therapeutics in Alzheimer's Disease: From Inhibition to Activity Normalization and Targeted Degradation.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivities of Thymol and Carvacrol: Molecular Pathways, Metabolism, and Therapeutic Insights.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Acrylamide Exposure Exacerbates Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Neurotoxicity: An Integrated Neurobehavioral and Molecular Investigation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Fluoxetine Repurposing Mitigates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology via the GSK3β-CREB-ADAM10 Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Biomarkers for predominantly inattentive ADHD: potential involvement of Wnt/β-catenin/integrin signaling in a spontaneously hypertensive rat.Genes & genomics · 2026Article
- Changes in Activity of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Rats against the Background of Intranasal Insulin Administrations.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-Dependent Effects of Circadian Rhythm Disruptions on Novel Object Recognition Memory, Locomotion, Pain Threshold, Rearing Behavior, and BDNF and GSK-3β Hippocampal Levels in Rats.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
- Decoding the Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: Emerging Perspectives.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Targeted strategy by curcumin and tideglusib biomimetic nano-systems alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation under ischemic stroke.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Glycogen synthase kinase-3: the master switch driving neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.Archives of toxicology · 2025Review
- Targeting of the PI3 K/AKT/GSK3β Pathway in Parkinson's Disease: A Therapeutic Blueprint.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase widely expressed in various tissues and organs. Unlike other kinases, GSK-3 is active under resting conditions and is inactivated upon stimulation. In mammals, GSK-3 includes GSK-3 α and GSK-3β isoforms encoded by two homologous genes, namely, GSK3A and GSK3B. GSK-3β is essential for the control of glucose metabolism, signal transduction, and tissue homeostasis. As more than 100 known proteins have been identified as GSK-3β substrates, it is sometimes referred to as a moonlighting kinase. Previous studies have elucidated the regulation modes of GSK-3β. GSK-3β is involved in almost all aspects of brain functions, such as neuronal morphology, synapse formation, neuroinflammation, and neurological disorders. Recently, several comparatively specific small molecules have facilitated the chemical manipulation of this enzyme within cellular systems, leading to the discovery of novel inhibitors for GSK-3β. Despite these advancements, the therapeutic significance of GSK-3β as a drug target is still complicated by uncertainties surrounding the potential of inhibitors to stimulate tumorigenesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate mechanisms of this enzyme and evaluates the existing evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of GSK-3β in brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, mood disorders, and glioblastoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.