ArticleGeroScience2024
Sex differences in the progression to Alzheimer's disease: a combination of functional and structural markers.
Article in GeroScience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences inFrontiers in dementia · 2025Pooled it
- Biliverdin reductase A deficiency reveals sex- and brain region-specific vulnerability to high-fat diet feeding.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Structural Vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights from APOE ε 4-Negative Patients.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sex specificity of resistance to caTAUstrophe.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Peripheral and Central miRNA Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease: Tissue-Specific Variability, Sex-Associated Differences, and Implications for Blood-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gender differences in the association between physical frailty and cognitive function among older adults: A cross-sectional study in rural Guizhou, China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Amyloid Pathology by Race, Ancestry, and Apolipoprotein E ε4 in an Admixed Autopsy Sample.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Sex- and brain region-specific gene expression in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Conditioned Graph Reconstruction of Brain Functional Network Connectivity Reveals Interpretable Latent Axes of Sex and Fluid Intelligence.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the association of vascular risk and APOE Genotype with cognitive decline and dementia: evidence from a U.S. longitudinal study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the relationship of biomarker change to memory decline in early Alzheimer's disease: an observational cohort study.Biology of sex differences · 2026Observational
- Shaping the cognitive reserve: the role of lifelong enrichment and education in the Alzheimer's disease continuum.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sleep and stress as modifiable drivers of Alzheimer's disease.NPJ dementia · 2026Review
- Sex hormones in the nucleus incertus: a novel perspective on sex/gender differences in memory and mood dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Age-Related Alterations of Cerebral Autoregulation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in the Relationship of Biomarker Change to Memory Decline in Early Alzheimer's Disease: an Observational Cohort Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's disease patient brain extracts induce multiple pathologies in novel vascularized neuroimmune organoids for disease modeling and drug discovery.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sex/gender differences in the clinical trajectory of Alzheimer's disease: Insights into diagnosis and cognitive reserve.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Gene Co-Expression Analysis Reveals Functional Differences Between Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Association between oral health and physio-cognitive decline syndrome of older adults in China and its sex differences: a cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been frequently interpreted as a transitional phase between healthy cognitive aging and dementia, particularly of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) type. Of note, few studies explored that transition from a multifactorial perspective, taking into consideration the effect of basic factors such as biological sex. In the present study 96 subjects with MCI (37 males and 59 females) were followed-up and divided into two subgroups according to their clinical outcome: "progressive" MCI (pMCI = 41), if they fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for AD at the end of follow-up; and "stable" MCI (sMCI = 55), if they remained with the initial diagnosis. Different markers were combined to characterize sex differences between groups, including magnetoencephalography recordings, cognitive performance, and brain volumes derived from magnetic resonance imaging. Results indicated that the pMCI group exhibited higher low-frequency activity, lower scores in neuropsychological tests and reduced brain volumes than the sMCI group, being these measures significantly correlated. When sex was considered, results revealed that this pattern was mainly due to the influence of the females' sample. Overall, females exhibited lower cognitive scores and reduced brain volumes. More interestingly, females in the pMCI group showed an increased theta activity that correlated with a more abrupt reduction of cognitive and volumetric scores as compared with females in the sMCI group and with males in the pMCI group. These findings suggest that females' brains might be more vulnerable to the effects of AD pathology, since regardless of age, they showed signs of more pronounced deterioration than males.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.