ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2024
Cognitive and sensory expectations independently shape musical expectancy and pleasure.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Self-Chosen Music as a Contributor to Music-Induced Analgesia Across Diverse Socio-Cultural Backgrounds: A Crossover Randomised Controlled Trial.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Musical Episodic Modulation of Human Functioning: Anticipation Mechanisms, Personal Sense, and Emotional Recall.Integrative psychological & behavioral science · 2026Article
- Musical expectations modulate declarative memory formation.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Article
- Dissociating the neural codes for multiple pitch perception in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Effect of Previously Encountered Sensory Information on Neural Representations of Predictability: Evidence From Human EEG.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- The impact of prior knowledge on perceiving vocal elements in MIDI-converted music.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Cognitive and sensory expectations independently shape musical expectancy and pleasure.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Aesthetics and predictive processing: grounds and prospects of a fruitful encounter.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Expectation adaptation for rare cadences in music: Item order matters in repetition priming.Cognition · 2023Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Expectation is crucial for our enjoyment of music, yet the underlying generative mechanisms remain unclear. While sensory models derive predictions based on local acoustic information in the auditory signal, cognitive models assume abstract knowledge of music structure acquired over the long term. To evaluate these two contrasting mechanisms, we compared simulations from four computational models of musical expectancy against subjective expectancy and pleasantness ratings of over 1000 chords sampled from 739 US Billboard pop songs. Bayesian model comparison revealed that listeners' expectancy and pleasantness ratings were predicted by the independent, non-overlapping, contributions of cognitive and sensory expectations. Furthermore, cognitive expectations explained over twice the variance in listeners' perceived surprise compared to sensory expectations, suggesting a larger relative importance of long-term representations of music structure over short-term sensory-acoustic information in musical expectancy. Our results thus emphasize the distinct, albeit complementary, roles of cognitive and sensory expectations in shaping musical pleasure, and suggest that this expectancy-driven mechanism depends on musical information represented at different levels of abstraction along the neural hierarchy. This article is part of the theme issue 'Art, aesthetics and predictive processing: theoretical and empirical perspectives'.
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