Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38104478›Full record

ArticleMultiple sclerosis and related disorders2024

Smoking and multiple sclerosis risk in black people: A nested case-control study.

Vinicius A Schoeps, Marianna Cortese, Kassandra L Munger, James D Mancuso, David W Niebuhr, Xiaojing Peng, Alberto Ascherio, Kjetil Bjornevik

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Vinicius A SchoepsDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: vschoeps@alumni.harvard.edu.
Marianna CorteseDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Kassandra L MungerDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
James D MancusoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
David W NiebuhrDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Xiaojing PengDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Alberto AscherioDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Kjetil BjornevikDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · US

Funding

Prospective Study of Vitamin D and MS Risk in African AmericansR01NS103891 · NINDS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI ASCHERIO, ALBERTO · 2018 to 2024
$2.5M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS103891
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoking is a well-established risk factor for MS; however, it is not known whether its effect on disease risk varies by race/ethnicity.

methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study among US military personnel who have serum samples stored at the Department of Defense Serum Repository. We measured serum cotinine levels, a marker of tobacco smoke exposure, in 157 Black and 23 White individuals who developed MS during follow-up. Controls were randomly selected and matched to each case by age, sex, race/ethnicity, dates of sample collection, and branch of military service.

resultsSmoking was not associated with an increased risk of MS in Black people (RR: 1.08, 95 % CI: 0.63-1.85). The results remained similar in analyses restricted to smoking status at baseline, to samples collected 5 years before symptom onset, and using different cut-off levels in cotinine to define smoking status. Smoking was not statistically significantly associated with MS risk in White people, but the point estimate was similar to what has previously been reported in other studies (RR: 1.85, 95 % CI: 0.56-6.16).

conclusionsSmoking was not associated with MS risk in Black people. Given the consistent association between smoking and MS risk in predominantly White populations, this may suggest that the association between smoking and MS varies by race/ethnicity.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanMultiple SclerosisSmokingCase-Control StudiesCotinineHumansMilitary PersonnelCotinineCotinineEpidemiologyMultiple sclerosisSmoking

Identifiers

PMID38104478
PMCPMC10843624
OpenAlexW4389568200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.