Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38104233›Full record

ArticleJournal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology2024

Contamination of surfaces in children's homes with nicotine and the potent carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK.

Ashley L Merianos, Georg E Matt, Timothy M Stone, Roman A Jandarov, Eunha Hoh, Nathan G Dodder, Penelope J E Quintana, Nicolas Lopez-Galvez, Lara Stone, E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Analysis of Assessment Methods for Detecting Nicotine Residue and Its Impact on Humans: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Low dose thirdhand smoke exposure enhances platelet functional responses in mice.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ashley L MerianosUniversity of Cincinnati, School of Human Services, PO Box 210068, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0068, USA. ashley.merianos@uc.edu.
Georg E MattDepartment of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4611, USA.
Timothy M StoneDepartment of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0056, USA.
Roman A JandarovDepartment of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0056, USA.
Eunha HohSan Diego State University, School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4162, USA.
Nathan G DodderSan Diego State University, School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4162, USA.
Penelope J E QuintanaSan Diego State University, School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4162, USA.
Nicolas Lopez-GalvezSan Diego State University, School of Public Health, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-4162, USA.
Lara StoneCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA.
E Melinda Mahabee-GittensCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3026, USA.

Funding

Research Support CoreP30DA012393 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JACOB, PEYTON · 1999 to 2024
$17.1M
Supplement: Contribution of Thirdhand Smoke to Overall Tobacco SmokeR01ES027815 · NIEHS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA, MATT, GEORG E · 2018 to 2022
$3.1M
Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Thirdhand Smoke Exposure in a Pediatric Patient PopulationR01ES030743 · NIEHS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
An Intervention to Reduce Second Hand Smoke Exposure among Pediatric Emergency Patients. R01HD083354 · NICHD · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA · 2015 to 2019
$2.9M
Reducing Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department SettingK01DA044313 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI MERIANOS, ASHLEY L · 2017 to 2021
$727k
Distinguishing Exposure to Secondhand and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Children based on Multiple Biomarker ProfilesR21ES032161 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI MERIANOS, ASHLEY L · 2020 to 2021
$467k
Liquid Chromatograph-Triple Quadrupole Mass SpectrometerS10RR026437 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JACOB, PEYTON · 2010 to 2010
$448k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR026437NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD083354NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA044313NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA012393NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES027815NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030743NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES032161
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco smoke exposure (TSE) through secondhand and thirdhand smoke is a modifiable risk factor that contributes to childhood morbidity. Limited research has assessed surface TSE pollution in children's environments as a potential source of thirdhand smoke exposure, and none have examined levels of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) on surfaces.

objectiveThis study measured surface NNK and nicotine in children's homes and associations with sociodemographics and parent-reported TSE behaviors. We assessed correlations of surface NNK and nicotine with dust NNK, dust nicotine, and child cotinine.

methodsHome surface wipe NNK and nicotine data from 84 children who lived with smokers were analyzed. Tobit and simple linear regression analyses were conducted to assess associations of surface NNK and nicotine with child characteristics. Spearman's (ρ) correlations assessed the strength of associations between environmental markers and child cotinine.

resultsNearly half (48.8%) of children's home surfaces had detectable NNK and 100% had detectable nicotine. The respective geometric means (GMs) of surface NNK and nicotine loadings were 14.0 ng/m IMPACT: Although nicotine on surfaces is an established marker of thirdhand smoke pollution, other thirdhand smoke contaminants have not been measured on surfaces in the homes of children living with smokers. We provide evidence that the potent carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK was detectable on surfaces in nearly half of children's homes, and nicotine was detectable on all surfaces. Surface NNK was positively correlated with surface nicotine and dust NNK. Detectable surface NNK levels were found in homes with indoor smoking bans, indicating the role of NNK as a persistent thirdhand smoke pollutant accumulating on surfaces as well as in dust.

Indexed as

CotinineDustNicotineNitrosaminesTobacco Smoke PollutionAir Pollution, IndoorCarcinogensChildChild, PreschoolEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental MonitoringFemaleHousingHumansMaleNicotiana4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanoneCarcinogensCotinineDustNicotineNitrosaminesTobacco Smoke PollutionChild exposure/healthChildren’s healthDermal exposureEpidemiologyInhalation exposureVulnerable populations

Identifiers

PMID38104233
PMCPMC11627245

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.