ArticleBritish journal of cancer2024
Primary resistance to immunotherapy in patients with a dMMR/MSI metastatic gastrointestinal cancer: who is at risk? An AGEO real-world study.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The neoadjuvant immunotherapy for non-metastatic mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Resistance Phenotypes and Treatment Sequencing After Immune Checkpoint Blockade in MSI-H/dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Review
- Recent progress in clinical and molecular biological research in rectal serrated lesions.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Checkpoint inhibitors in microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer: treatment strategies, specificities, and care management questions.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Mucinous histology and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in patients with microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Dual membrane receptor degradation via folate receptor targeting chimera.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epidemiology, pathogenesis, biology and evolving management of MSI-H/dMMR cancers.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Baseline Inflammatory Burden Index Predicts Primary Resistance to Combinations of ICIs With Chemotherapy in Patients With HER-2-Negative Advanced Gastric Cancer.Journal of gastric cancer · 2025Article
- Real-World Primary Resistance to First-Line Immune-Based Combinations in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (ARON-1).Targeted oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 17 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe outstanding efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic dMMR/MSI gastro-intestinal (GI) cancers has led to a rapid increase in the number of patients treated. However, 20-30% of patients experience primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIPR) and need better characterization.
methodsThis AGEO real-world study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of ICIs and identified clinical variables associated with ICIPR in patients with metastatic dMMR/MSI GI cancers treated with immunotherapy between 2015 and 2022.
results399 patients were included, 284 with colorectal cancer (CRC) and 115 with non-CRC, mostly treated by an anti-PD(L)1 (88.0%). PFS at 24 months was 55.8% (95CI [50.8-61.2]) and OS at 48 months was 59.1% (95CI [53.0-65.9]). ORR was 51.0%, and 25.1% of patients were ICIPR. There was no statistical difference in ORR, DCR, PFS, or OS between CRC and non-CRC groups. In multivariable analysis, ICIPR was associated with ECOG-PS ≥ 2 (OR = 3.36), liver metastases (OR = 2.19), peritoneal metastases (OR = 2.00), ≥1 previous line of treatment (OR = 1.83), and age≤50 years old (OR = 1.76).
conclusionThese five clinical factors associated with primary resistance to ICIs should be considered by physicians to guide treatment choice in GI dMMR/MSI metastatic cancer patients.
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