ArticleScience advances2023
Modularized microrobot with lock-and-detachable modules for targeted cell delivery in bile duct.
Article in Science advances, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Task-Oriented Biomedical Microrobots: Access, Working Environment, Actuation, Body Design, Detection and Control.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Microrobots for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in the Digestive System: A Review of Actuation Mechanisms, Structural Design, Preclinical and Translational Applications.Micromachines · 2026Review
- Development of a Novel Fluorescent Recognition Guidewire System Toward Early Lung Cancer Biopsy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- 3D Printing of Magnetic Soft Materials for Functional Structures and Devices.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- An Embodied Paper-Based Microfluidic Al-Air Battery for Enduring Untethered Insect-Scale Robots.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Cooperative integrated surgical robots for high-performance targeted therapies.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Deployment and clearance of microrobots for localized therapy: past, present and future.National science review · 2026Review
- Microswarm bridging effect for dual-surface biofilm eradication in submillimeter infection pockets.Science advances · 2026Article
- How microrobots should be translated: A clinical and value-centered readiness framework.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- A Soft Microrobot for Single-Cell Transport, Spheroid Assembly, and Dual-Mode Drug Screening.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Autonomous Microrobots for Spatiotemporally Active Therapeutic Delivery and Controlled Release.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Ultrasoft hydrogel immune millirobot with multimodal locomotion.Science advances · 2025Article
- Magnetoactive bistable soft actuators for programmable large shape transformations at low magnetic fields.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Modular magnetic microrobot system for robust endoluminal navigation and high-radial force stent delivery in complex ductal anatomy.Science advances · 2025Article
- Magnetic slippery microcatheter with artificial cilia for low-friction interventions.Science advances · 2025Article
- [Synthesis of a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot capable of precise navigation for targeted controllable drug release].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2025Article
- A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insights and therapeutic innovations in engineered nanomaterial-driven disruption of biofilm dynamics.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Magnetite Micro/Nanorobots for Efficient Targeted Alleviation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The magnetic microrobots promise benefits in minimally invasive cell-based therapy. However, they generally suffer from an inevitable compromise between their magnetic responsiveness and biomedical functions. Herein, we report a modularized microrobot consisting of magnetic actuation (MA) and cell scaffold (CS) modules. The MA module with strong magnetism and pH-responsive deformability and the CS module with cell loading-release capabilities were fabricated by three-dimensional printing technique. Subsequently, assembly of modules was performed by designing a shaft-hole structure and customizing their relative dimensions, which enabled magnetic navigation in complex environments, while not deteriorating the cellular functionalities. On-demand disassembly at targeted lesion was then realized to facilitate CS module delivery and retrieval of the MA module. Furthermore, the feasibility of proposed system was validated in an in vivo rabbit bile duct. Therefore, this work presents a modular design-based strategy that enables uncompromised fabrication of multifunctional microrobots and stimulates their development for future cell-based therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.