ArticlePLoS pathogens2023
Phylogenomic analysis of 343 Xanthomonas citri pv. citri strains unravels introduction history and dispersal paths.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Mutations in the SWEET15 Sugar Transporter Gene Affect Response of Citrus to Huanglongbing Disease and Citrus Canker.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Diversification of an emerging bacterial plant pathogen; insights into the global spread of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. perforans.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Evolution and spread ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Comparative genomic analysis uncovered phylogenetic diversity, evolution of virulence factors, and horizontal gene transfer events in tomato bacterial spotFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc) causes the devastating citrus canker disease. Xcc is known to have been introduced into Florida, USA in at least three different events in 1915, 1986 and 1995 with the first two claimed to be eradicated. It was questioned whether the Xcc introduction in 1986 has been successfully eradicated. Furthermore, it is unknown how Xcc has spread throughout the citrus groves in Florida. In this study, we investigated the population structure of Xcc to address these questions. We sequenced the whole genome of 343 Xcc strains collected from Florida groves between 1997 and 2016. Our analysis revealed two distinct clusters of Xcc. Our data strongly indicate that the claimed eradication of the 1986 Xcc introduction was not successful and Xcc strains from 1986 introduction were present in samples from at least 8 counties collected after 1994. Importantly, our data revealed that the Cluster 2 strains, which are present in all 20 citrus-producing counties sampled in Florida, originated from the Xcc introduction event in the Miami area in 1995. Our data suggest that Polk County is the epicenter of the dispersal of Cluster 2 Xcc strains, which is consistent with the fact that three major hurricanes passed through Polk County in 2004. As copper-based products have been extensively used to control citrus canker, we also investigated whether Xcc strains have developed resistance to copper. Notably, none of the 343 strains contained known copper resistance genes. Twenty randomly selected Xcc strains displayed sensitivity to copper. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the introduction, eradication, spread, and copper resistance of Xcc in Florida.
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