Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38099996›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025

Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Hearing Aid Use: Price Responsiveness Among Older Adults with Hearing Loss.

Molly Jacobs, Hollea Ryan, Charles Ellis

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 48% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Molly JacobsCollege of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Hollea RyanCollege of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Charles EllisCollege of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. ellisch@phhp.ufl.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-5823-9653
University of Florida · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore the role of racial-ethnic background, income, residential context, and historic variation in hearing aid (HA) price HA usage among a nationally representative cohort of older adults with hearing loss.

methodsMultilevel logistic regression models evaluated data from the 2012 through 2017 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) to 1) compare historic HA use between subgroups, 2) test for differential responsiveness to price changes between racial and ethnic groups, and 3) assess the relative role of demographic characteristics and HA use.

resultsBetween 2012 and 2017, the price of economy HAs decreased by 5% while HA use among Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites and Hispanics with hearing loss increased by 30% and 20% respectively, but usage among NH-Blacks increased by less than 10%. After controlling for relevant covariates, NH-Blacks were two times less likely than NH-Whites to use a HA. Household income and price were only significant for NH-Whites who showed that a 1% increase in income was associated with a 10% increase in the likelihood of HA use. Calculation of subgroup participation showed that, when the price of HAs dropped by 1%, the likelihood of HA use by NH-Whites increased by 14.2%, Hispanics increased by 13.2%, and Others increased by 14.8%, but only 2.8% among NH-Blacks.

conclusionResults suggest that cost is not the primary barrier to HA utilization among minoritized individuals from racial and ethnic groups. Additional analyses are needed to evaluate the role of social, cultural, and environmental influences on HA utilization.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanHealthcare DisparitiesHearing AidsHearing LossHispanic or LatinoWhiteAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUnited StatesDisparitiesHearing aidHearing loss

Identifiers

PMID38099996
OpenAlexW4389782936

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.