ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2023
Reoccurrence of West Nile virus lineage 1 after 2-year decline: first equine outbreak in Campania region.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emergence of Usutu virus in Southern Italy: phylogenetic profiling of potential introduction and dissemination routes.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Detection and genomic characterization of West Nile virus lineage 2 in captive harbor seals in southern Italy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Bovine Ephemeral Fever Viruses in Israel 2014-2023: Genetic Characterization of Local and Emerging Strains.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is the most widespread arbovirus worldwide, responsible for severe neurological symptoms in humans as well as in horses and birds. The main reservoir and amplifier of the virus are birds, and migratory birds seem to have a key role in the introduction and spread of WNV during their migratory routes. WNV lineage 1 (L1) has been missing in Italy for almost 10 years, only to reappear in 2020 in two dead raptor birds in southern Italy. The present study reports the first equine outbreak in the Campania region. A 7-year-old horse died because of worsening neurological signs and underwent necropsy and biomolecular analyses. WNV-L1 was detected by real-time RT-PCR in the heart, brain, gut, liver, and spleen. Next Generation Sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the strain responsible for the outbreak showed a nucleotide identity of over 98% with the strain found in
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