ArticleScientific reports2023
The association of serum choline concentrations with the risk of cancers: a community-based nested case-control study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00794885 (Enalapril Maleate and Folic Acid Tablets for Primary Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Hypertension), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enalapril Maleate and Folic Acid Tablets for Primary Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Hypertension: a Post-marketing, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated spatial transcriptome and metabolism study reveals metabolic heterogeneity in human bladder cancer.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Article
- Choline in immunity: a key regulator of immune cell activation and function.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Biochemistry and Diseases Related to the Interconversion of Phosphatidylcholine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, and Phosphatidylserine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Few studies have been designed to investigate the effect of serum choline on the risk of incident cancer. This study aims to explore the association between serum choline and the risk of new-onset cancer. We conducted a case-control study, including 199 patients with incident cancer and 199 matched controls during a median of 3.9 years of follow-up, nested within the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. Cubic spline regression (RCS) and conditional logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association of serum choline and incident cancer risk. We observed a positive dose-response association between serum choline levels and the risk of overall (p for overall = 0.046) and digestive system cancer (p for overall = 0.039). Compared with patients with the lowest choline levels (Q1 group), patients in the highest levels of choline (Q4) had a 3.69-fold and 6.01-fold increased risk of overall (OR = 3.69, 95% CI 1.17-11.63) and digestive system cancer (OR = 6.01, 95% CI 1.14-31.67). Elevated choline levels (per SD, 11.49 μg/mL) were associated with a higher risk of overall cancer among participants who were older, male, and smokers in the subgroup analyses. We found a positive association between elevated levels of serum choline with increased risk of incident cancer. Our findings have critical clinical implications for cancer prevention and diagnosis.Trial registration CSPPT, NCT00794885. Registered: November 20, 2008. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00794885 https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00794885.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.