ArticleRSC advances2023
Influence of reaction variables on the surface chemistry of cellulose nanofibers derived from palm oil empty fruit bunches.
Article in RSC advances, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ammonium "catch and release" from wastewater using TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber beads.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Article
- Tuning Structural Characteristics of Corn Stover Through Ammonium and Sodium Sulfite (ASS) Pretreatment for Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Nano cells from fruit bunch residue: Nestling nanotechnology within the circular oil palm milling residue management.Heliyon · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nanocellulose, a versatile nanomaterial with a wide range of applications, is gaining significant attention for its sustainable and eco-friendly properties. In this study, we investigate the influence of reaction variables on the surface chemistry of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) from palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers, a high cellulose content biomass. Reaction time, primary oxidizing agent, and a pretreatment process affect, to various extents, the surface chemistry of EFB-TOCN. Conductometric titrations (CT), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and statistical analysis indicate a positive and significant influence of reaction time and primary oxidizing agent on EBF-TOCN degree of oxidation and surface charge density. Partial EFB delignification increased EFB-TOCN oxidation and reaction yield compared to EFB without pretreatment. Interestingly, only reaction time has a significant effect on the EFB-TOCN hydrodynamic radii, with a reaction time of over 120 minutes required to obtain nanocellulose less than 100 nm in size. Utilizing palm oil residual biomass for nanocellulose extraction not only valorizes agricultural waste but also enhances the palm oil industry's economic prospects by reducing waste disposal costs and improving material circularity. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on nanocellulose production from renewable sources and highlights the potential of palm oil EFB fibers as a valuable raw material for sustainable nanomaterial development.
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Registered trials
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