Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38089129›Full record

ArticleACS materials Au2023

Salts as Additives: A Route to Improve Performance and Stability of n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors.

David Ohayon, Lucas Q Flagg, Andrea Giugni, Shofarul Wustoni, Ruipeng Li, Tania C Hidalgo Castillo, Abdul-Hamid Emwas, Rajendar Sheelamanthula, Iain McCulloch, Lee J Richter and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS materials Au, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

David OhayonOrganic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Lucas Q FlaggMaterials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2798-5650
Andrea GiugniDepartment of Physics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
Shofarul WustoniOrganic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Ruipeng LiNational Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States.
Tania C Hidalgo CastilloOrganic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5299-9539
Abdul-Hamid EmwasCore Laboratories, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Rajendar SheelamanthulaPhysical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Iain McCullochPhysical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6340-7217
Lee J RichterMaterials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-3724
Sahika InalOrganic Bioelectronics Laboratory, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1166-1512

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in various applications at the interface with biological systems. However, their widespread use is hampered by the scarcity of electron-conducting (n-type) backbones and the poor performance and stability of the existing n-OECTs. Here, we introduce organic salts as a solution additive to improve the transduction capability, shelf life, and operational stability of n-OECTs. We demonstrate that the salt-cast devices present a 10-fold increase in transconductance and achieve at least one year-long stability, while the pristine devices degrade within four months of storage. The salt-added films show improved backbone planarity and greater charge delocalization, leading to higher electronic charge carrier mobility. These films show a distinctly porous morphology where the interconnectivity is affected by the salt type, responsible for OECT speed. The salt-based films display limited changes in morphology and show lower water uptake upon electrochemical doping, a possible reason for the improved device cycling stability. Our work provides a new and easy route to improve n-type OECT performance and stability, which can be adapted for other electrochemical devices with n-type films operating at the aqueous electrolyte interface.

Identifiers

PMID38089129
PMCPMC10176614

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.