ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2023
Evolution of Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses in 2 Consecutive Seasons of Genomic Surveillance, 2021-2023.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular Characterization of Influenza A(H3N2) Hemagglutinin Variants Circulating in Western Mexico, 2022.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- mRNA Vaccines for Influenza: Hope for a Universal Vaccine?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Genomic Evolution of Influenza A Virus During the 2024-2025 Season, the Johns Hopkins Health System: Antigenic Drift Reduces Serum Neutralization.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemic trends and characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in mainland China during the COVID-19: a nationwide surveillance study, 2020-2024.Journal of global health · 2026Article
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- Isolation, identification, and whole genome sequencing analysis of influenza A virus clinical isolates from Shanghai, China, during 2022-2023.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Genomic Surveillance and Phylogenetic Analysis of Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 and A(H3N2) Viruses in Burkina Faso, 2024.Advances in virology · 2026Article
- Analysis of influenza surveillance results in Sichuan Province in China, 2023-2025.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic characteristics and epidemiology of influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in Thailand.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Seasonal Influenza: A Narrative Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Preventive Strategies.Cureus · 2025Review
- Glycan site loss in two egg-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine strains does not cause antigenic mismatches.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- The Ongoing Epidemics of Seasonal Influenza A(H3N2) in Hangzhou, China, and Its Viral Genetic Diversity.Viruses · 2025Article
- Visualizing and deciphering influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 reassortment in the 2019-23 seasons.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Advantages of Broad-Spectrum Influenza mRNA Vaccines and Their Impact on Pulmonary Influenza.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Influenza A virus continues to circulate among children in Linyi, northern China, after the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Respiratory virus disease and outcomes at a large academic medical center in the United States: a retrospective observational study of the early 2023/2024 respiratory viral season.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Observational
- Evolution of Influenza A(H3N2) Viruses in Bhutan for Two Consecutive Years, 2022 and 2023.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Genomic evolution of influenza during the 2023-2024 season, the johns hopkins health system.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: The circulation and the genomic evolution of influenza A(H3N2) viruses during the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 seasons were studied and associated with infection outcomes. Methods: Remnant influenza A-positive samples following standard-of-care testing from patients across the Johns Hopkins Health System (JHHS) were used for the study. Samples were randomly selected for whole viral genome sequencing. The sequence-based pEpitope model was used to estimate the predicted vaccine efficacy (pVE) for circulating H3N2 viruses. Clinical data were collected and associated with viral genomic data. Results: A total of 121 683 respiratory specimens were tested for influenza at JHHS between 1 September 2021 and 31 December 2022. Among them, 6071 (4.99%) tested positive for influenza A. Of these, 805 samples were randomly selected for sequencing, with hemagglutinin (HA) segments characterized for 610 samples. Among the characterized samples, 581 were H3N2 (95.2%). Phylogenetic analysis of HA segments revealed the exclusive circulation of H3N2 viruses with HA segments of the 3C.2a1b.2a.2 clade. Analysis of a total of 445 complete H3N2 genomes revealed reassortments; 200 of 227 of the 2022/2023 season genomes (88.1%) were found to have reassorted with clade 3C.2a1b.1a. The pVE was estimated to be -42.53% for the 2021/2022 season and 30.27% for the 2022/2023 season. No differences in clinical presentations or admissions were observed between the 2 seasons. Conclusions: The increased numbers of cases and genomic diversity of influenza A(H3N2) during the 2022/2023 season were not associated with a change in disease severity compared to the previous influenza season.
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