Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38086740›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2023

Mental health-related structural stigma and discrimination in health and social policies in Nepal: A scoping review and synthesis.

D Gurung, M Neupane, K Bhattarai, B Acharya, N C Gautam, K Gautam, S Koirala, K Marahatta, P Gurung, K B Khadka and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract readScoping Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Structural weight stigma in healthcare toward preconception, pregnant, and postpartum women: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

D GurungTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1839-9382
M NeupaneTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-1089
K BhattaraiTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
B AcharyaTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
N C GautamTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
K GautamTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-9359
S KoiralaTranscultural Psychosocial Organization (TPO) Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
K MarahattaWorld Health Organization (WHO) Country office for Nepal, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8997-8248
P GurungNational Indigenous Disabled Women Association Nepal (NIDWAN), Nepal.
K B KhadkaGandaki Province Health Directorate, Pokhara, Nepal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-8819
B A KohrtCenter for Global Mental Health Equity, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-4820
G ThornicroftCentre for Global Mental Health and Centre for Implementation Science, Health Services and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-0879
P C GronholmCentre for Global Mental Health and Centre for Implementation Science, Health Services and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4482-6993

Funding

RESHAPE Diversity SupplementR01MH120649 · NIMH · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KOHRT, BRANDON ALAN · 2019 to 2023
$3.5M
Medical Research Council MR/R023697/1NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH120649World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsNational policies can be used to reveal structural stigma and discrimination in relation to mental health. This review assesses how structural stigma and discrimination are manifested in the policies and legislations of Government of Nepal.

methodsScoping review methodology was followed to review policy documents (acts of parliament, legislation, policies, strategies, guidelines and official directives) drafted or amended after 2010.

resultsEighty-nine policies were identified related to health, social welfare, development and regulations which were relevant to people with psychosocial and mental disabilities or have addressed the mental health agendas. Several critical policy failings and gaps are revealed, such as the use of stigmatizing language (e.g., 'insane' or 'lunatic'), inconsistencies within and between policies, deviation from international protocols defining legal capacity and consent, lack of inclusion of the mental health agenda in larger development policies and lack of cost-effective interventions and identification of financing mechanisms. Provisions for people living with mental health conditions included adequate standard of living; attaining standard mental health; the right to exercise legal capacity, liberty and security; freedom from torture or discrimination; and right to live independently. However, other policies contradicted these rights, such as prohibiting marriage, candidacy for and retention of positions of authority and vulnerability to imprisonment.

conclusionMental health-related structural stigma and discrimination in Nepal can be identified through the use of discriminator language and provisions in the policies. The structural stigma and discrimination may be addressed through revision of the discriminating policies, integrating the mental health agenda into larger national and provincial policies, and streamlining policies to comply with national and international protocols.

Indexed as

Mental HealthSocial StigmaHumansNepalPublic Policydiscriminationmental healthNepalpolicy reviewstructural stigma

Identifiers

PMID38086740
PMCPMC10803190

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.