ArticleNeuron2024
Mesoaccumbal glutamate neurons drive reward via glutamate release but aversion via dopamine co-release.
Article in Neuron, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypothalamic oxytocin neurons produce pro-anxiety effects through glutamatergic projections to the lateral hypothalamus.Cell discovery · 2026Article
- Mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways differentially support fentanyl-context associations.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Mesohabenular glutamatergic regulation of the consequences of uncontrollable stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mitofusin-2 in ventral striatal D1 neurons regulates effort-based motivation through sex-specific mitochondrial-synaptic reprogramming.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Aging-related vulnerability in dopamine-glutamate neurons weakens entorhinal dopamine signaling and underlies novelty discrimination deficits.Research square · 2026Article
- Multimodal characterization of transcriptionally defined ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- When Inhibition Fails: Adolescent Nicotine Disrupts Opioid Control of Ventral Tegmental Area GABA Neurons.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- A midbrain-cortical circuit mediated by a claustrum neuronal ensemble orchestrates drug-paired context memory processing.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Article
- Circuit-specific remodeling of synaptic co-transmission in stress-responsive networks.Animal cells and systems · 2026Review
- Projection-defined ventral tegmental area neurons exhibit fentanyl-induced molecular and functional adaptations that differentially support drug-context associations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A central CeA-LC-PVH circuit mediates stress-induced osteopenia via skeletal sympathetic nerves in male mice.Science advances · 2025Article
- Recruitment of specific dopamine neuron sub-circuits by opioids.Addiction neuroscience · 2025Article
- GABA-glutamate corelease is a mechanism for state-dependent neurotransmission.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Evidence for age-related vulnerability in dopamine-glutamate projections to the lateral entorhinal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Salience Signaling and Stimulus Scaling of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Neuron Subtypes.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Modulation of Dopamine Neurons Alters Behavior and Event Encoding in the Nucleus Accumbens during Pavlovian Conditioning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Ventral tegmental area interneurons revisited: GABA and glutamate projection neurons make local synapses.eLife · 2025Article
- Dopamine activity encodes the changing valence of the same stimulus in conditioned taste aversion paradigms.eLife · 2025Article
- Untangling dopamine and glutamate in the ventral tegmental area.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ventral tegmental area (VTA) projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) drive reward-related motivation. Although dopamine neurons are predominant, a substantial glutamatergic projection is also present, and a subset of these co-release both dopamine and glutamate. Optogenetic stimulation of VTA glutamate neurons not only supports self-stimulation but can also induce avoidance behavior, even in the same assay. Here, we parsed the selective contribution of glutamate or dopamine co-release from VTA glutamate neurons to reinforcement and avoidance. We expressed channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) in mouse VTA glutamate neurons in combination with CRISPR-Cas9 to disrupt either the gene encoding vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) or tyrosine hydroxylase (Th). Selective disruption of VGLUT2 abolished optogenetic self-stimulation but left real-time place avoidance intact, whereas CRISPR-Cas9 deletion of Th preserved self-stimulation but abolished place avoidance. Our results demonstrate that glutamate release from VTA glutamate neurons is positively reinforcing but that dopamine release from VTA glutamate neurons can induce avoidance behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.