ArticleBMJ global health2023
Challenging the utility of 24-hour recall of exclusive breast feeding in Japan.
Article in BMJ global health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Urban and rural differences in healthcare access among survivors of child sexual abuse: a nationwide survey.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Defining and measuring maternal intentions and practices regarding infant feeding: a scoping review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic pattern of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan Africa: an individual participant data meta-analysis of six longitudinal cohorts.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Relationship between Receipt of the Samples of Breast Milk Substitutes in Hospitals and Breastfeeding Practice in Japan.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
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6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWHO recommends exclusive breast feeding from birth to 6 months. However, to monitor populations, it recommends using the proportion of infants under 6 months who were exclusively breastfed during the previous 24 hours. To assess the usefulness of 24-hour recall, we (1) compared the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding measured by since-birth recall to the prevalence measured by 24-hour recall and (2) quantified each indicator's association with WHO-recommended, well-established methods for in-hospital breastfeeding support.
methodsWe conducted two online surveys of mothers in Japan (total n=4247) who had a healthy singleton delivery in the previous 25 months. They reported on their breast feeding (a) from birth to 5 months; or (b) during the previous 24 hours, for those with infants under 5 months; or (c) both, for those who participated in the initial survey and also in the follow-up survey. All mothers also reported on their in-hospital support. The strength of each indicator's association with provision of in-hospital support was quantified as the area under the curve (AUC).
resultsThe prevalences of exclusive breast feeding by since-birth recall were 4.4% (first survey) and 2.5% (second survey). By 24-hour recall, the prevalence appeared to be 29.8%. More in-hospital support was moderately well associated with more exclusive breast feeding measured by since-birth recall: AUC 0.72 (95%CI 0.66 to 0.78). That association is consistent with the known benefits of in-hospital support. In contrast, when exclusive breast feeding was measured by 24-hour recall, its association with in-hospital support appeared to be extremely weak: AUC 0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.65).
conclusionUsing 24-hour recall substantially overestimates the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding since birth, and it conceals the benefits of in-hospital breastfeeding support. To monitor population achievement of exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months, or to evaluate breastfeeding interventions, 24-hour recall of exclusive breast feeding should not be used alone.
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