Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38081999›Full record

ArticleNature human behaviour2024

Socio-cultural practices may have affected sex differences in stature in Early Neolithic Europe.

Samantha L Cox, Nicole Nicklisch, Michael Francken, Joachim Wahl, Harald Meller, Wolfgang Haak, Kurt W Alt, Eva Rosenstock, Iain Mathieson

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature human behaviour, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Constancy of Sexual Dimorphism in the Infracranial Skeleton.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026
    Article
  2. The Oral Microbiome of King Richard III of England.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Fifteen thousand years of bioarchaeological data reveal life history trade-offs among Europe's first farmers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Polygenic prediction of human complex traits using ancient DNA.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Women's Revenge in Sexual Behavior? An Interpretation About "The Fourth Love" in Chinese Youth Culture From the Perspective of Gender Performativity.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Samantha L CoxDepartment of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. coxsl@sas.upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2557-6711
Nicole NicklischCenter of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.ORCID 0000-0001-7423-8343
Michael FranckenState Office for Cultural Heritage Management Baden-Württemberg, Osteology, Konstanz, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6336-2111
Joachim WahlPaleoanthropology Section, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
Harald MellerState Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt, State Museum of Prehistory, Halle, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-7590-0375
Wolfgang HaakDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2475-2007
Kurt W AltCenter of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.ORCID 0000-0001-6938-643X
Eva RosenstockBonn Center for ArchaeoSciences, Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6693-4303
Iain MathiesonDepartment of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. mathi@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-4256-3982

Funding

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) Al 287/7-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) Al 287/7-3Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) Me 3245/1-1Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) Me 3245/1-3Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) RO 4148/1-1National Science Foundation (NSF) BCS2123627
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rules and structure of human culture impact health as much as genetics or environment. To study these relationships, we combine ancient DNA (n = 230), skeletal metrics (n = 391), palaeopathology (n = 606) and dietary stable isotopes (n = 873) to analyse stature variation in Early Neolithic Europeans from North Central, South Central, Balkan and Mediterranean regions. In North Central Europe, stable isotopes and linear enamel hypoplasias indicate high environmental stress across sexes, but female stature is low, despite polygenic scores identical to males, and suggests that cultural factors preferentially supported male recovery from stress. In Mediterranean populations, sexual dimorphism is reduced, indicating male vulnerability to stress and no strong cultural preference for males. Our analysis indicates that biological effects of sex-specific inequities can be linked to cultural influences at least as early as 7,000 yr ago, and culture, more than environment or genetics, drove height disparities in Early Neolithic Europe.

Indexed as

Genetics, PopulationSex CharacteristicsDNA, MitochondrialEuropeFemaleHumansIsotopesMaleDNA, MitochondrialIsotopes

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.