ArticleScientific reports2023
Learning exceptions to category rules varies across the menstrual cycle.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menstrual cycle modulates the effect of BDNF Val66Met variant on category learning.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Distinct contributions of hippocampal pathways in learning regularities and exceptions revealed by functional footprints.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A standardized non-linear approach to studying menstrual cycle effects on brain and behavior.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- Menstrual cycle and perceived stress predict performance on the mnemonic similarity task.PloS one · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ways in which ovarian hormones affect cognition have been long overlooked despite strong evidence of their effects on the brain. To address this gap, we study performance on a rule-plus-exception category learning task, a complex task that requires careful coordination of core cognitive mechanisms, across the menstrual cycle (N = 171). Results show that the menstrual cycle distinctly affects exception learning in a manner that parallels the typical rise and fall of estradiol across the cycle. Participants in their high estradiol phase outperform participants in their low estradiol phase and demonstrate more rapid learning of exceptions than a male comparison group. A likely mechanism underlying this effect is estradiol's impact on pattern separation and completion pathways in the hippocampus. These results provide novel evidence for the effects of the menstrual cycle on category learning, and underscore the importance of considering female sex-related variables in cognitive neuroscience research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.