ArticlePreventive medicine2024
Perceived racism and discrimination and youth substance use in the United States - Intersections with sex and ethnicity.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analytic review of the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol and other drug use outcomes in minoritised racial/ethnic groups.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Perceived Unfair Police Treatment and Recent Substance Use Among Male Youth Residing in Pittsburgh: Cross-Sectional Findings from a Randomized Control Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Trial
- Intersectional Racial, Gender, and Socioeconomic Discrimination and Youth Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Latent Class Analysis Among Black and White Adolescents.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- More Than Hurt Feelings: Associations Between Perceived Racial Discrimination and Mental Health, Substance Use, and Victimization Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Adolescents.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Pathways Linking Racial Discrimination to Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Racial and Ethnic Minority Adolescents.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2026Article
- The Role of Discrimination in Social Safety and its Interplay with Adolescents' Mental Health and Substance Use: A Network Perspective.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2026Article
- Developmental Associations of Racialized Experiences and Attitudes in the 20s with Health Status Approaching Midlife.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- School Belonging and Racial Mistreatment: Association With Substance Use Among U.S. High School Students.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Discrimination Distress and Current Combustible and Non-combustible Tobacco Product Use Among US Youth, 2023.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Racially-motivated discrimination distress and tobacco use outcomes among adolescents in the United States.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Ethnic Discrimination's Role on Increased Substance Susceptibility and Use Among U.S. Youth.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Mechanism that links perceived racism and discrimination and youth cannabis use, a structural equation modeling approach.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Social determinants of alcohol and tobacco use among Hispanic adolescents: a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Hair Cortisol Concentrations in the Prediction of Early Substance Use Engagement in Youth.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Alcohol Use Among Asian American Sexual and Gender Diverse Youth Enrolled in 9Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Perceived Discrimination and Nicotine Product Use: Findings from a Youth and Young Adult Sample (2022-2023).Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Status Partially Mediates the Effects of Structural Racism on Youth Tobacco Use Initiation.Global journal of epidemiology and infectious disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study sought to examine associations between U.S. adolescents' perceived racism and discrimination (PRD) at school and current substance use.
methodsData were drawn from the Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (ABES), a probability sample of U.S. high school students in 2021 (n = 7705). Multivariable regression models were conducted to examine associations of PRD with current (past 30-day) use of tobacco products, marijuana, alcohol, and prescription opioid misuse. Interaction effects of PRD and demographic factors were tested.
resultsAmong participants in the 2021 ABES, PRD was associated with higher odds of current use of tobacco (AOR = 1.3, p = 0.03), marijuana (AOR = 1.3, p = 0.03), alcohol (AOR = 1.2, p = 0.03), and misuse of prescription opioids (AOR = 1.6, p = 0.004). The effects of PRD on current tobacco and alcohol use differed by Hispanic and non-Hispanic adolescents (interaction effect = 0.007 and 0.01, respectively) with higher odds among Hispanic youth than among non-Hispanic counterparts. The associations of PRD and current tobacco use, marijuana use, alcohol use, and misuse of prescription opioids were moderated by sex with more pronounced effects on males than females.
conclusionsEfforts to promote awareness and create support environments that value diversity and inclusivity at school are needed to mitigate adolescent exposure to racism and discrimination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.