ArticlemBio2024
Circular RNA vaccines with long-term lymph node-targeting delivery stability after lyophilization induce potent and persistent immune responses.
Article in mBio, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines: Progress, evidence gaps, and translational pathways for durable and scalable immunization.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines: current status, challenges and future prospects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Engineering circular RNA expression systems to minimize contaminating linear RNA byproducts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Research Progress, Application, and Industrialization Prospects of Circular RNA Vaccines in Viral Diseases.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Nanocarrier Platforms for RNA Vaccines: Advances in Formulation, Stability Engineering, and Translational Manufacturing Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Non-coding RNAs in neurodegeneration: an axis-based, evidence-tiered mechanistic synthesis.Metabolism open · 2026Review
- Stabilization strategies and advancements in lyophilization to preserve integrity and efficacy of next-generation biologicals.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Lipid nanoparticle delivery of circle RNA vaccine induces potent immune responses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pharmaceutical design of mRNA vaccines for endemic infectious diseases: integrating antigen discovery with platform engineering.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2026Review
- Modifying VEGF-A mRNA by combinatorial optimization to enhance therapeutic efficacy for myocardial infarction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CircRNAs: Novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diseases of the central nervous system.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Circular RNA as a New Vaccine Platform: Considerations, Challenges, and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Review
- Durability of DNA-LNP and mRNA-LNP vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Circular mRNA against CleanCap linear mRNA vectors: comprehensive comparison, expression, active and passive immunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA platforms for mucosal HIV vaccines: formulation advances, immune mechanisms, and translational pathways.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- RNA-based cancer vaccines: mechanisms, clinical progress, and translational challenges.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Broad-spectrum vaccines against various and evolving viruses: from antigen design to nanoparticle delivery.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Roles and Applications of Circular RNA in Virus Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Advances and Strategies in Enhancing mRNA Cancer Vaccines.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importancemessenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are a key technology in combating existing and emerging infectious diseases. However, the inherent instability of mRNA and the nonspecificity of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated (LNP) delivery systems result in the need for cold storage and a relatively short-duration immune response to mRNA vaccines. Herein, we develop a novel vaccine in the form of circRNAs encapsulated in LNPs, and the circular structure of the circRNAs enhances their stability. Lyophilization is considered the most effective method for the long-term preservation of RNA vaccines. However, this process may result in irreversible damage to the nanoparticles, particularly the potential disruption of targeting modifications on LNPs. During the selection of lymph node-targeting ligands, we found that LNPs modified with mannose maintained their physical properties almost unchanged after lyophilization. Additionally, the targeting specificity and immunogenicity remained unaffected. In contrast, even with the addition of cryoprotectants such as sucrose, the physical properties of LNPs were impaired, leading to an obvious decrease in immunogenicity. This may be attributed to the protective role of mannose on the surface of LNPs during lyophilization. Freshly prepared and lyophilized mLNP-circRNA vaccines elicited comparable immune responses in both the rabies virus model and the SARS-CoV-2 model. Our data demonstrated that mLNP-circRNA vaccines elicit robust immune responses while improving stability after lyophilization, with no compromise in tissue targeting specificity. Therefore, mannose-modified LNP-circRNA vaccines represent a promising vaccine design strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.