Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38078669›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2023

Defining exceptional cognition in older adults: A systematic review of cognitive super-ageing.

Alice Powell, Zara A Page, Jacqueline C T Close, Perminder S Sachdev, Henry Brodaty

Open access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alice PowellCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6146-420X
Zara A PageCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
Jacqueline C T CloseNeuroscience Research Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Perminder S SachdevCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9595-3220
Henry BrodatyCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9487-6617
UNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council RG212082
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveA consistent approach to defining cognitive super-ageing is needed to increase the value of research insights that may be gained from studying this population including ageing well and preventing and treating neurodegenerative conditions. This review aims to evaluate the existing definitions of 'super-ageing' with a focus on cognition.

methodsA systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Google Scholar from inception to 24 July 2023.

resultsOf 44 English language studies that defined super-ageing from a cognitive perspective in older adults (60-97 years), most (n = 33) were based on preserved verbal episodic memory performance comparable to that of younger adult in age range 16-65 years. Eleven studies defined super-agers as the top cognitive performers for their age group based upon standard deviations or percentiles above the population mean. Only nine studies included longitudinal cognitive performance in their definitions.

conclusionsEquivalent cognitive abilities to younger adults, exceptional cognition for age and a lack of cognitive deterioration over time are all meaningful constructs and may provide different insights into cognitive ageing. Using these criteria in combination or individually to define super-agers, with a clear rationale for which elements have been selected, could be fit for purpose depending on the research question. However, major discrepancies including the age range of super-agers and comparator groups and the choice of cognitive domains assessed should be addressed to reach some consensus in the field.

Indexed as

Cognition DisordersMemory, EpisodicAgedAgingCognitionHumanscognitively eliteexceptional cognitionhigh performing older adultsuccessful ageingsuper-ageingsuper normal

Identifiers

PMID38078669
PMCPMC10947516
OpenAlexW4389546758

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.