ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
High-dimensional phenotyping of the peripheral immune response in community-acquired pneumonia.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of clinical phenotypes and prediction model for the mixed-infection phenotype of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia based on unsupervised machine learning.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- A Lymphocyte Subset-Based Prediction Model for Refractory Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompetent Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Time-varying mortality risk after gastrointestinal surgery complicated by postoperative infections: a Danish Nationwide study of 859,766 patients.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Observational
- Transcriptomic Biomarkers Associated With Microbiological Etiology and Disease Severity in Childhood Pneumonia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Blood absolute lymphocyte count and trajectory are important in understanding severe COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents a major health burden worldwide. Dysregulation of the immune response plays an important role in adverse outcomes in patients with CAP. Methods: We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 36-color spectral flow cytometry in adult patients hospitalized for CAP (n=40), matched control subjects (n=31), and patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (n=35). Results: We identified 86 immune cell metaclusters, 19 of which (22.1%) were differentially abundant in patients with CAP versus matched controls. The most notable differences involved classical monocyte metaclusters, which were more abundant in CAP and displayed phenotypic alterations reminiscent of immunosuppression, increased susceptibility to apoptosis, and enhanced expression of chemokine receptors. Expression profiles on classical monocytes, driven by CCR7 and CXCR5, divided patients with CAP into two clusters with a distinct inflammatory response and disease course. The peripheral immune response in patients with CAP was highly similar to that in patients with COVID-19, but increased CCR7 expression on classical monocytes was only present in CAP. Conclusion: CAP is associated with profound cellular changes in blood that mainly relate to classical monocytes and largely overlap with the immune response detected in COVID-19.
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