Unveiling the Crystal Ball: Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients.

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe form of stroke with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its impact, research has often focused on ischemic strokes, making ICH an essential area to explore. Methods: A retrospective cohort study spanning 5 years was conducted in an Oman-based tertiary care teaching hospital's emergency room. Data from patients diagnosed with spontaneous ICH, confirmed by cranial CT scans, were analyzed. Ethical approval was obtained. Results: Among 163 emergency room (ER)-presented patients with ICH, 89 met the inclusion criteria. Most were male (69.66%), with hypertension (69/89) and diabetes mellitus (43/89) being common comorbidities. Hematoma size was a crucial predictor of poor outcomes, especially for larger hematomas (>60 cm³). Midline shift, intraventricular hemorrhages, elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes. However, variables such as age, gender, history of heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and anticoagulant use did not show significant associations with disability outcomes. Favorable outcomes (mRS <3) were observed in 47.2% of patients, while 30.3% had a major disability (mRS 3-5), and 22.5% succumbed to their illness (mRS 6). Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of ICH outcomes, highlighting the importance of hematoma size, midline shift, intraventricular hemorrhage, blood pressure control, and GCS scores in predicting disability. Future research could explore additional prognostic factors and interventions for ICH patients. How to cite this article: Al-Alawi AKA, Hazra D, Al-Hassani MJK, Al-Jamoudi ASA. Unveiling the Crystal Ball: Predictors of Adverse Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients. Indian J Crit Care Med 2023;27(12):895-901.