ArticleHeliyon2023
Trend analysis of rainfall from 1981-2022 over Zambia.
Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is insufficient paucity of information on trends in long-term monthly and decadal rainfall in Zambia. This study assessed the monthly and decadal trends in rainfall over the agro-ecological regions (AERs) and Zambia from 1981 to 2022. The Mann-Kendall test statistic was used at 5 % significant level to compute trends in rainfall at monthly and decadal time step on CHIRPS v2 at 0.05° resolution. R/RStudio Sen's slope estimator was used to give the magnitude of the observed trends. The monthly rainfall time series trend over Zambia ranges from -0.04 to 0.03. The decadal trend analysis of rainfall at annual and monthly time step exhibits a decreasing/increasing trend with Sen's slope between -49.27 and 71.26 mm. Decadal trend at annual time step in AERIII, AERIIa, AERIIa and AERI exhibits a Sen's slope of -44.11 to 62.48 mm, -15.29 to 41.58 mm, -6.08 and 71.26 mm, and 2.20-64.86 mm, respectively. The decadal trend at monthly time step in AERIII, AERIIa, AERIIa and AERI exhibits a Sen's slope of -132.08 to -3.15 mm, -123.39 to -8.57 mm, -73.08 to -15.17 mm, and -80.02 to -5.21 mm, respectively. Decrease in rainfall is expected to affect agriculture, energy, water resources, sanitation and socio-economic aspects. Rainfall pattern shows spatio-temporal variability over Zambia. The results provide valuable input into the National Adaptation Plan and also useful for strategic planning purposes in water resources management under a changing climate. It is evident that spatio-temporal time steps utilized in this study provides new insights of rainfall trends at seasonal, monthly, and annual and decadal time steps.
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