Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38071287›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2023

Strain structure analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating among HIV negative, positive and drug resistant TB patients attending chest clinics in Western Kenya.

Martin O Ogwang, Lameck Diero, Florence Ng'ong'a, Gabriel Magoma, Lucy Mutharia, Mabel Imbuga, Caroline Ngugi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Genomic characterization of drug-resistantFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Martin O OgwangSchool of Public Health Nairobi Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya. macogwang2012@gmail.com.
Lameck DieroSchool of Medicine, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya.
Florence Ng'ong'aSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Gabriel MagomaSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Lucy MuthariaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Mabel ImbugaSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Caroline NgugiSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology · KEMoi University · KEUniversity of Guelph · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite global tuberculosis (TB) interventions, the disease remains one of the major public health concerns. Kenya is ranked 15th among 22 high burden TB countries globally.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Western Kenya, which comprises 10 counties. A multistage sampling method was used where a single sub-county was randomly selected followed by sampling two high volume health facility from each sub-county. Identification of spoligotype profiles and their family distribution and lineage level were achieved by comparison with SITVIT database.

resultsLineage distribution pattern revealed that the most predominant lineage was CAS 220 (39.8%) followed by Beijing 128 (23.1%). The other lineages identified were T, LAM, H, X, S and MANU which were quantified as 87 (15.7%), 67 (12.1%), 16 (2.8%), 10 (1.8%), 8 (1.4%) and 5 (0.9%) respectively. CAS and Beijing strains were the most predominant lineage in both HIV negative and positive TB patients. The Beijing lineage was also the most predominant in resistant M. tuberculosis strains as compared to wild type. A total of 12 (2.0%) were orphaned M. tuberculosis strains which were spread across all the 10 counties of the study site. In multivariate logistic regression adjusting for potential cofounders three potential risk factors were significant. HIV status (OR = 1.52, CI = 0.29-3.68 and P value of 0.001), Alcohol use (OR = 0.59, CI = 0.43-3.12 and P-value =0.001) and cross border travel (OR = 0.61, CI = 0.49-3.87 and P value = 0.026). Most M. tuberculosis clinical isolates showed genetic clustering with multivariate logistic regression indicating three potential risk factors to clustering. HIV status (OR = 1.52, CI = 0.29-3.68 and P value of 0.001), Alcohol use (OR = 0.59, CI = 0.43-3.12 and P-value =0.001) and cross border travel (OR = 0.61, CI = 0.49-3.87 and P value = 0.026).

conclusionThere exist diverse strains of M. tuberculosis across the 10 counties of Western Kenya. Predominant distribution of clustered genotype points to the fact that most TB cases in this region are as a result of resent transmission other than activation of latent TB.

Indexed as

HIV SeropositivityMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantCross-Sectional StudiesGenotypeHumansKenyaMolecular EpidemiologyDrug-resistanceSpoligotypingStrain structureTuberculosis epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID38071287
PMCPMC10709907
OpenAlexW4389508917

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.