ArticleBMJ open2023
Prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Ethiopia: describing an emerging outbreak in HIV clinics of the sub-Saharan Africa - a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determinants of metabolic syndrome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- Burden of metabolic syndrome in the global adult HIV-infected population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among adults living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Zambia: an ambidirectional cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prolonged Exposure to Antiretroviral Therapy and Risk of Developing Hypertension Among HIV-Infected Clinic Attendees: A Pilot Study in Rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Metabolic Syndrome and Clinical Management Recommendations.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus Among cART-Treated HIV Patients in Western Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHIV-induced chronic inflammation, immune activation and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are linked with adverse metabolic changes known to cause cardiovascular adversities. This study evaluates the prevalence of lipodystrophy, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), and analyses risk factors in HIV-infected Ethiopians taking cART.
methodsA multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted at tertiary-level hospitals. Eligible participants attending the HIV clinics were enrolled. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, HIV treatment variables, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose level, risk factors and components of MetS, also lipodystrophy, were studied. Data were analysed by SPSS statistical package V.25 with descriptive and analytical statistics. For multivariable analysis of risk factors, a logistic regression model was used. Results were presented in frequency and percentages, mean±SD, or median+IQR. Statistical significance was taken as p<0.05.
resultsAmong 518 studied participants, two-thirds were females, and the mean age of the study population was 45 years (SD=11). The mean duration of cART was 10 years (SD=4). Median CD4 count was 460 cells/mm
conclusionOur study revealed 38% of the participants had MetS indicating considerable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Independent risk factors for MetS were BMI≥25 kg/m
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