ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2024
Extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 BQ.1* variant in a population with high levels of hybrid immunity: A prevalence survey.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Metagenomic surveillance reveals off-season circulation of respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Salvador, Brazil.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Demand creation for testing and Covid-19 surveillance indicators in the Covid-19 Testing, Isolation, Quarantine, and Telemonitoring Study.Revista de saude publica · 2026Article
- Zika Virus Neutralizing Antibody Responses Elicited by Vaccination or Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Nowcasting epidemic trends using hospital- and community-based virologic test data.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Work ability during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in a low-income urban setting in Brazil.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Overestimation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Household Transmission in Settings of High Community Transmission: Insights From an Informal Settlement Community in Salvador, Brazil.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity and genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 during the first 3 years of the pandemic in Morocco: comprehensive sequence analysis, including the unique lineage B.1.528 in Morocco.Access microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe SARS-CoV-2 BQ.1* variant rapidly spread globally in late 2022, posing a challenge due to its increased immune evasion.
methodsWe conducted a prevalence survey in Brazil from November 16 to December 22, 2022, as part of a cohort study. We conducted interviews and collected nasal samples for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing and whole-genome sequencing. Cumulative incidence was estimated using RT-PCR positivity, cycle threshold values, and external data on the dynamics of RT-PCR positivity following infection.
resultsAmong 535 participants, 54% had documented SARS-CoV-2 exposure before this outbreak and 74% had received COVID-19 vaccination. In this study, 14.8% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with BQ.1* identified in 90.7% of cases. Using case data and cycle threshold values, cumulative incidence was estimated at 56% (95% confidence interval, 36-88%). Of the 79 positive participants, 48.1% had a symptomatic illness, with a lower proportion fulfilling the World Health Organization COVID-19 case definition compared to prior Omicron waves. No participants required medical attention.
conclusionsDespite high population-level hybrid immunity, the BQ.1* variant attacked 56% of our population. Lower disease severity was associated with BQ.1* compared to prior Omicron variants. Hybrid immunity may provide protection against future SARS-CoV-2 variants but in this case was not able to prevent widespread transmission.
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