ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Comparative Proteomic and Metabonomic Profiling of Buds with Different Flowering Capabilities Reveal Novel Regulatory Mechanisms of Flowering in Apple.
Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenological growth phases of dwarf apple trees: coding and description based on the BBCH scale.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis Sheds Light on the Relative Roles of Hormones and Nutrients in Regulating Secondary Flowering inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of Varying Nitrogen Concentrations on the Locule Number in Tomato Fruit.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Flower bud formation in the apple tree life cycle is associated with multiple biological processes. To explore the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the protein and metabolite changes in buds with different flowering capabilities, axillary buds with no flowering (Ab), long-shoot buds with a low flowering rate (Lb), and spur buds with a higher flowering rate than the Lb (Sb) were analyzed using a Tandem Mass Tag™ proteomic technique in combination with nLC-MS/MS analyses. We identified 471 (88 up- and 383 down-regulated), 459 (176 up- and 283 down-regulated), and 548 (387 up- and 161 down-regulated) differentially expressed proteins in Sb vs. Lb, Sb vs. Ab, and Lb vs. Ab, respectively, that were involved in carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid transport, and metabolism. Additionally, 110 (91 increased and 19 decreased), 89 (71 increased and 18 decreased), and 99 (37 increased and 62 decreased) metabolites having significantly different levels were identified in Sb vs. Lb, Sb vs. Ab, and Lb vs. Ab, respectively. The identified metabolites were related to amino acids and their isoforms, sugars and polyols, and organic acids, and occurred at significantly greater levels in the Sbs than the other buds. Thus, flower bud formation is a complex process that involves various biochemical materials and signals, such as carbohydrates, amino acids and their isoforms, and organic acids.
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