Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38068090›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023

An Analysis of the Performance and Comfort Properties of Fire-Protective Material by Using Inherently Fire-Retardant Fibers and Knitting Structures.

Awais Ahmad Khan, Hafsa Jamshaid, Rajesh Kumar Mishra, Vijay Chandan, Viktor Kolář, Petr Jirků, Miroslav Müller, Shabnam Nazari, Tatiana Alexiou Ivanova, Tanveer Hussain

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Awais Ahmad KhanSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.
Hafsa JamshaidSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-4591-0812
Rajesh Kumar MishraDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0001-8505-4443
Vijay ChandanDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Viktor KolářDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-6333-2243
Petr JirkůDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Miroslav MüllerDepartment of Material Science and Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-3460-4254
Shabnam NazariDepartment of Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-6306-500X
Tatiana Alexiou IvanovaDepartment of Sustainable Technologies, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.ORCID 0000-0002-9831-4969
Tanveer HussainSchool of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Sheikhupura Road, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan.

Funding

HEC funded project NRPU-8980. NRPU-8980Integral Grant Agency of the Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, project "Appropriate technologies in waste and water management" [no. 20233108] 20233108Internal Grant Agency of the Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, project "Numerical and experimental analysis of hybrid composites partially reinforced with bio-fibers and fillers", (no. 2023:31140/1312/3111) 2023:31140/1312/3111
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper investigates the development of fabric materials using several blends of inherently fire-resistant (FR) fibers and various knitted structures. The samples are evaluated with respect to their performance and comfort-related properties. Inherently fire-resistant fibers, e.g., Nomex, Protex, carbon and FR viscose, were used to develop different structures of knitted fabrics. Cross-miss, cross-relief, and vertical tubular structures were knitted by using optimum fiber blend proportions and combinations of stitches. Several important aspects of the fabric samples were investigated, e.g., their physical, mechanical and serviceability performance. Thermo-physiological and tactile/touch-related comfort properties were evaluated in addition to flame resistance performance. An analysis of mechanical performance indicated that the knitted structure has a significant influence on the tensile strength, bursting strength and pilling resistance. The cross-relief structure proved to be the strongest followed by the cross-miss and vertical tubular structures. The FR station suits made from 70:30 Protex/Nomex exhibited the best combination of tensile and bursting strength; therefore, this material is recommended for making a stable and durable station suit. Interestingly, it was also concluded from the experimental study that knitted samples with a cross-relief structure exhibit the best fire-resistance performance. Fiber blends of 70:30 Protex/Nomex and 70:30 Nomex/carbon were found to be optimum in terms of overall performance. The best flame resistance was achieved with Nomex:carbon fiber blends. These results were confirmed with vertical flammability tests, TGA, DTGA and cone calorimetry analysis. The optimization of blend composition as well as knitting structure/architecture is a crucial finding toward designing the best FR station suit in terms of mechanical, dimensional, thermal, thermo-physiological and flame resistance performance.

Indexed as

comfort propertiesfire-resistant (FR) materialinherently fire-retardant fiberknitted structuremechanical performancestation suits

Identifiers

PMID38068090
PMCPMC10707135

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.