Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38066508›Full record

ReviewInternational breastfeeding journal2023

"Work with us… to make it more accessible". What women with intellectual disabilities want from infant-feeding health resources: an exploratory study.

Emma Douglass, Clare Johnson, Geraldine Lucas, Sally Dowling

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International breastfeeding journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Easy Read Health Information for People With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Emma DouglassSchool of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Fishponds, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK.
Clare JohnsonSchool of Arts, College of Arts, Technology and Environment, University of the West of England Bristol, City Campus, Arnolfini, 6 Narrow Quay, Bristol, BS1 4QA, UK.
Geraldine LucasSchool of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Fishponds, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK.
Sally DowlingBristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 69 St Michael's Hill, Bristol, BS2 8DZ, UK. sally.dowling@bristol.ac.uk.

Funding

Arts and Humanities Research Council IAA11University of the West of England, Bristol, UK n/a
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore women with intellectual disabilities are becoming mothers but fewer are known to breastfeed compared with other women. Women with intellectual disabilities are entitled to accessible antenatal and infant feeding information, yet are rarely asked for their views on available resources. This article reports on the final stage of a UK project exploring how women with intellectual disabilities are supported to make infant feeding decisions. The wider project includes a scoping review and interviews with healthcare professionals, here we focus on the voices of the women themselves.

methodsFour women with an intellectual disability participated in a focus group where they were asked to give their views on the accessibility of currently available infant feeding resources and on alternative representations of infant feeding. All were interested in women's health issues, including infant feeding. Photo-elicitation was used to gather views on videos, bespoke 'Easy Read' material and several alternative representations of infant feeding. A transcription of the discussion was thematically analysed whilst a critical visual analysis was undertaken of the women's preferred images/resources. The study took place in Bristol, UK, during 2022.

resultsTwo themes were identified from the group discussion: 'The desire for choice' and 'How easy is 'Easy Read'?' The desire for choice was expressed in terms through agreements and disagreements about preferred imagery, differing tastes, and reasons for these preferences. We identified a challenge to 'Easy Read' as a default standard and concerns that some forms of 'Easy Read' can confuse rather than inform. Critical visual analysis identified the importance of the story and social setting of the preferred infant feeding image.

conclusionsFindings suggest a need for a suite of resources, avoiding the one-size-fits-all approach, including people with an intellectual disability at every stage of the design and production process. Resources should recognise and embrace differences in terms of understanding, visual literacy and cultural taste, as well as being freely available to support women with intellectual disabilities to make informed infant feeding decisions. An accessible film was co-produced, to disseminate the findings from all three stages of the completed project.

Indexed as

Intellectual DisabilityBreast FeedingFemaleFocus GroupsHumansInfantMothersWomen's HealthAccessible resourcesBreastfeedingInfant feedingIntellectual disabilitiesResourcesVisual methodologies

Identifiers

PMID38066508
PMCPMC10704706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.