ArticleScience immunology2023
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination enhances the effector qualities of spike-specific T cells induced by COVID-19.
Article in Science immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The challenge and promise of studying human antigen-specific T cells.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive longitudinal profiling identifies differential frequency, epitope specificity, and effector function of CD8EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- Immunosenescence and cytomegalovirus-associated immune signatures on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 booster responses.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- HLA-E-restricted SARS-CoV-2 epitopes drive CD8Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections broaden the repertoire of Spike-reactive CD4 T cells.mBio · 2026Article
- Broad and robust T cell immunity compensates the population immune barrier against antibody-escaping Omicron variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Conformational bias in SARS-CoV-2 Spike CD4+ T-cell epitope dominance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The genetic basis of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in the Italian municipality of Vo'.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Diversity of immunization strongly impacts SARS-CoV-2 antibody function surrogates.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses as a function of multiple COVID-19 boosters.Cell reports · 2025Article
- No evidence of immune exhaustion after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in vulnerable and healthy populations.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification of soluble biomarkers that associate with distinct manifestations of long COVID.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Deconvoluting TCR-dependent and -independent activation is vital for reliable Ag-specific CD4Science advances · 2025Article
- The Role of Memory T-Cell Mediated Immunity in Long-term COVID-19: Effects of Vaccination Status.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2025Review
- Multi-omics and machine learning identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Heterologous prime-pull mucosal vaccination with an adjuvanted RBD vaccine elicits robust IgA production and protects against SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Early antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are associated with upper airway clearance of SARS-CoV-2.JCI insight · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
T cells are critical for immune protection against severe COVID-19, but it has remained unclear whether repeated exposure to SARS-CoV-2 antigens delivered in the context of vaccination fuels T cell exhaustion or reshapes T cell functionality. Here, we sampled convalescent donors with a history of mild or severe COVID-19 before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to profile the functional spectrum of hybrid T cell immunity. Using combined single-cell technologies and high-dimensional flow cytometry, we found that the frequencies and functional capabilities of spike-specific CD4
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.