ArticleScience immunology2023
Antigen-specific memory NK cell responses against HIV and influenza use the NKG2/HLA-E axis.
Article in Science immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in natural killer cell immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Natural killers blast HIV reservoir landscape.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Innate immune imprints shape HIV-1 reservoir cell persistence during long-term antiretroviral therapy.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells against viral infection: from basic biology to immunotherapy.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Constitutive natural killer cell features associated with post-treatment control of SIV infection in the pVISCONTI study.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-cell sequencing reveals NK cell dysregulation during chronic HIV infection and identifies transitional NK cell cytotoxicity related to HIV reservoir decay.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Unconventional functions of natural killer cells in homeostasis and disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Natural killer cells in pediatric HIV cure strategies: from viral control to immunotherapeutics.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2026Review
- Unraveling the layers of epigenetic control in respiratory antiviral defense.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- In vivo CRISPR screens identify CBX4 as an epigenetic regulator for cancer immunotherapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- The role of DAP12 in immune-related inflammatory diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Maladaptive Trained Immunity Drives Persistent IL-6 Production and Enhanced TLR Responsiveness in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages from People Living with HIV.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Intranasal S-2P and lentinan formulation confers broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs via IFN-γ-dominant mechanisms.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Resident CD49aScience advances · 2026Article
- Bromodomain and extra-terminal protein inhibitors modulate natural killer cell function and differentiation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- CXCR6Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting MHC-E as a new strategy for vaccines and immunotherapeutics.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- The Expanding Role of HLA-E in Host Defense: A Target for Broadly Applicable Vaccines and Immunotherapies.Cells · 2025Review
- A role for Fas/FasL-dependent NK-mediated cytotoxicity in infants with perinatal HIV.iScience · 2025Article
- Harnessing innate immunity: natural killer cells and innate immune responses in reservoir clearance.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple studies have broadened the roles of natural killer (NK) cells functioning as purely innate lymphocytes by demonstrating that they are capable of putative antigen-specific immunological memory against multiple infectious agents including HIV-1 and influenza. However, the mechanisms underlying antigen specificity remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that antigen-specific human NK cell memory develops upon exposure to both HIV and influenza, unified by a conserved and epitope-specific targetable mechanism largely dependent on the activating CD94/NKG2C receptor and its ligand HLA-E. We validated the permanent acquisition of antigen specificity by individual memory NK cells by single-cell cloning. We identified elevated expression of KLRG1, α4β7, and NKG2C as biomarkers of antigen-specific NK cell memory through complex immunophenotyping. Last, we uncovered individual HLA-E-restricted peptides that may constitute the dominant NK cell response in HIV-1- and influenza-infected persons in vivo. Our findings clarify the mechanisms contributing to antigen-specific memory NK cell responses and suggest that they could be potentially targeted therapeutically for vaccines or other therapeutic interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.