ArticleJAMA network open2023
US County-Level Variation in Preterm Birth Rates, 2007-2019.
Article in JAMA network open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Influence of County Contexts on Preterm Births Among Latina Mothers in the US.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- National and regional Temporal trends and forecasting of preterm birth in brazil: evidence from National birth data (2014-2023) with projections to 2030.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Co-occurring Developmental, Neurological, and Mental Health Conditions of Cerebral Palsy Among Children in the United States: 2016-2021.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Association between census-tract Social Vulnerability Index and preterm birth rates.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Multidimensional predictors of preterm birth risk among black and white primiparous women in the U.S.: insights from machine learning.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Individual and combined effects of maternal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure on preterm birth: a nested case-control study in China.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Towards a new taxonomy of preterm birth.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Review
- Spatio-temporal modelling of extreme low birth rates in U.S. counties.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Mortality trends in extremely premature neonates: insights from the CDC WONDER database from 1999 to 2023.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Trends in Pregnancy Outcomes in People with Sickle Cell Disease and Medicaid Insurance (2006-2018).Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Midpregnancy Placental Growth Factor Screening and Early Preterm Birth.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Infant and early childhood physical health assessments in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Preterm birth is a leading cause of preventable neonatal morbidity and mortality. Preterm birth rates at the national level may mask important geographic variation in rates and trends at the county level. Objective: To estimate age-standardized preterm birth rates by US county from 2007 to 2019. Design, Setting, and Participants: This serial cross-sectional study used data from the National Center for Health Statistics composed of all live births in the US between 2007 and 2019. Data analyses were performed between March 22, 2022, and September 29, 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age-standardized preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation) and secondarily early preterm birth (<34 weeks' gestation) rates by county and year calculated with a validated small area estimation model (hierarchical bayesian spatiotemporal model) and percent change in preterm birth rates using log-linear regression models. Results: Between 2007 and 2019, there were 51 044 482 live births in 2383 counties. In 2007, the national age-standardized preterm birth rate was 12.6 (95% CI, 12.6-12.7) per 100 live births. Preterm birth rates varied significantly among counties, with an absolute difference between the 90th and 10th percentile counties of 6.4 (95% CI, 6.2-6.7). The gap between the highest and lowest counties for preterm births was 20.7 per 100 live births in 2007. Several counties in the Southeast consistently had the highest preterm birth rates compared with counties in California and New England, which had the lowest preterm birth rates. Although there was no statistically significant change in preterm birth rates between 2007 and 2019 at the national level (percent change, -5.0%; 95% CI, -10.7% to 0.9%), increases occurred in 15.4% (95% CI, 14.1%-16.9%) of counties. The absolute and relative geographic inequalities were similar across all maternal age groups. Higher quartile of the Social Vulnerability Index was associated with higher preterm birth rates (quartile 4 vs quartile 1 risk ratio, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.31-1.36), which persisted across the study period. Similar patterns were observed for early preterm birth rates. Conclusions and Relevance: In this serial cross-sectional study of county-level preterm and early preterm birth rates, substantial geographic disparities were observed, which were associated with place-based social disadvantage. Stability in aggregated rates of preterm birth at the national level masked increases in nearly 1 in 6 counties between 2007 and 2019.
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