ReviewClinical and translational science2023
Complex in vitro Model: A Transformative Model in Drug Development and Precision Medicine.
Review in Clinical and translational science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of AI-assisted drug repurposing in neurological disorders: a systematic review of validation strategies, challenges and opportunities.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Pooled it
- CRISPR/Cas9-based nanodelivery systems for precision gene editing in neuroinflammation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Effects ofJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Cellular Responses to Mechanical Cues Across Scales: From Fundamental Insights to Translational Potential.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Microgel-Based 3D Bioprinting: A Convergent Strategy Integrating Material Design, Jamming Dynamics, and Biological Function.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- 3D models for oral inflammation using gingival fibroblasts, lipopolysaccharides and hypoxia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effects of photobiomodulation on human dental pulp stem cells treated with a bone xenograft: An in vitro study.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Kidney Organoids in Drug Development: Integrating Technological Advances and Standardization for Effective Implementation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Translational characterization of a house dust mite-induced murine model of dermatitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Early considerations for village-in-a-dish platform: a multidisciplinary perspective.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Active Targeting of Colorectal Cancer Using Chemotherapy-Loaded Nanoparticles Functionalized with a Folate Receptor-α (FRα) Ligand, Pemetrexed.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Vessel-on-a-Chip to Study Vascular Endothelial Inflammation.Current protocols · 2025Article
- Cellulose Plant-Derived Scaffolds as a Tool for Myometrium Modeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human preclinical multiple myeloma in vitro models for disease modeling and therapy screening.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Review
- From AI-AssistedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Animal product-free formation and cultivation of three-dimensional primary hepatocyte spheroids.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Article
- Pre-clinical evaluation of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles' potency and toxicity: current practices and future directions.In vitro models · 2025Review
- Isolation and Characterization of Equine Lymph Node Endothelial Cells.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Network Pharmacology-Guided Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts for Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting Neuroinflammation and Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo models play integral roles in preclinical drug research, evaluation, and precision medicine. In vitro models primarily involve research platforms based on cultured cells, typically in the form of two-dimensional (2D) cell models. However, notable disparities exist between 2D cultured cells and in vivo cells across various aspects, rendering the former inadequate for replicating the physiologically relevant functions of human or animal organs and tissues. Consequently, these models failed to accurately reflect real-life scenarios post-drug administration. Complex in vitro models (CIVMs) refer to in vitro models that integrate a multicellular environment and a three-dimensional (3D) structure using bio-polymer or tissue-derived matrices. These models seek to reconstruct the organ- or tissue-specific characteristics of the extracellular microenvironment. The utilization of CIVMs allows for enhanced physiological correlation of cultured cells, thereby better mimicking in vivo conditions without ethical concerns associated with animal experimentation. Consequently, CIVMs have gained prominence in disease research and drug development. This review aimed to comprehensively examine and analyze the various types, manufacturing techniques, and applications of CIVM in the domains of drug discovery, drug development, and precision medicine. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive understanding of the progress made in CIVMs and their potential future use in these fields.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.