ArticleWomen's health (London, England)
Carrying an unintended pregnancy to term and long-term maternal psychological distress: Findings from the Dutch prospective Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study.
Article in Women's health (London, England). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mental health after unintended pregnancy: insights from a context with available abortion care.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Developing recommendations to improve the experience of unplanned pregnancy: results from a multiphase study.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Ambiguous Compliments and Encouragement: Young Fathers' Experiences of Care, Responsibility and Youth.Child & adolescent social work journal : C & A · 2026Article
- Clinical Psychology in the Post-Dobbs Era: Navigating Clinical Practice, Research, and Advocacy in a Changing Sexual- and Reproductive-Health Landscape.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Article
- The effects of unintended pregnancy on maternal bonding impairment among Japanese mothers: a longitudinal study from pregnancy to one month postpartum.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Article
- Comparison of maternal-fetal attachment, anxiety, depression, and prevalence of intimate partner violence in Iranian women with intended and unintended pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Number of significant life events and perinatal depression in a diverse rural population: A brief report of a cross-sectional study.Women's health (London, England)Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGiven the estimated high rate of unintended pregnancies, it is important to investigate long-term effects on psychological distress in women carrying an unintended pregnancy to term. However, research into associations between unintended pregnancies carried to term and psychological distress postpartum is mixed, and especially, evidence on long-term associations is scarce.
objectiveTo examine whether carrying an unintended pregnancy to term is associated with maternal psychological distress later in life, up to 12 years postpartum.
designThis study is based on the population-based birth cohort study 'Amsterdam Born Children and their Development' study, which included pregnant people in 2003 (
methodsUnintended pregnancy was measured as a multidimensional construct, based on self-reported data around 16 weeks gestation on pregnancy mistiming, unwantedness and unhappiness. Symptoms of maternal psychological distress were assessed around 3 months, 5 years and 12 years postpartum using multiple questionnaires measuring symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Multiple structural equation modelling models were analysed, examining the associations between dimensions of unintended pregnancy and maternal psychological distress per time point, while controlling for important co-occurring risks.
resultsPregnancy mistiming and unhappiness were significant predictors of more maternal psychological distress around 3 months postpartum. Around 5 years postpartum, only pregnancy mistiming was positively associated with maternal psychological distress. Dimensions of unintended pregnancy were no longer associated with maternal psychological distress around 12 years postpartum. Strikingly, antenatal psychological distress was a much stronger predictor of maternal psychological distress than pregnancy intention dimensions.
conclusionThose who carried a more unintended pregnancy to term reported more symptoms of psychological distress at 3 months and 5 years postpartum. People carrying an unintended pregnancy to term may benefit from extra support, not because of the pregnancy intentions per se, but because they may be related to antenatal psychological distress.
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