Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38062484›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2023

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease prevention and corresponding geographical inequalities in England: interrupted time series analysis.

Alejandra Castanon, Katja Grasic, Simon Chen, Florence Ma, Godspower Oboli, Benjamin D Bray, Andrew Hughes, Martin White, Shahed Ahmad, Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Alejandra CastanonHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK. alex.castanon@lcp.uk.com.
Katja GrasicHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Simon ChenHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Florence MaHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Godspower OboliHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Benjamin D BrayHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Andrew HughesOffice for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, SW1H 0EU, UK.
Martin WhiteOffice for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), Department of Health and Social Care, 39 Victoria Street, London, SW1H 0EU, UK.
Shahed AhmadNHS England, 133-155 Waterloo Rd, London, SE1 8UG, UK.
Jonathan Pearson-StuttardHealth Analytics, Lane Clark & Peacock LLP, 95 Wigmore Street, London, W1U 1DQ, UK.
Department of Health and Social Care · GBAlexion Pharma (Switzerland) · CHNHS England

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere has been disruption to the detection and management of those with hypertension and atrial fibrillation (AF) during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is likely to vary geographically and could have implications for future mortality and morbidity. We aimed to estimate the change in diagnosed prevalence, treatment and prescription indicators for AF and hypertension and assess corresponding geographical inequalities.

methodsUsing the Quality and Outcomes Framework (2016/17 to 2021/22) and the English Prescribing Datasets (2018 to 2022), we described age standardised prevalence, treatment and prescription item rates for hypertension and AF by geography and over time. Using an interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis, we estimated the impact of the pandemic (from April 2020) on missed diagnoses and on the percentage change in medicines prescribed for these conditions. Finally, we described changes in treatment indicators against Public Health England 2029 cardiovascular risk targets.

resultsWe observed 143,822 fewer (-143,822, 95%CI:-226,144, -61,500, p = 0.001) diagnoses of hypertension, 60,330 fewer (-60,330, 95%CI: -83,216, -37,444, p = 0.001) diagnoses of AF and 1.79% fewer (-1.79%, 95%CI: -2.37%, -1.22%), p < 0.0001) prescriptions for these conditions over the COVID-19 impact period. There was substantial variation across geography in England in terms of the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis, prescription, and treatment rates of hypertension and AF. 20% of Sub Integrated Care Boards account for approximately 62% of all missed diagnoses of hypertension. The percentage of individuals who had their hypertension controlled fell from 75.8% in 2019/20 to 64.1% in 2021/22 and the percentage of individuals with AF who were risk assessed fell from 97.2% to 90.7%.

conclusionsHypertension and AF detection and management were disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The disruption varied considerably across diseases and geography. This highlights the utility of administrative and geographically granular datasets to inform targeted efforts to mitigate the indirect impacts of the pandemic through applied secondary prevention measures.

Indexed as

Atrial FibrillationCardiovascular DiseasesCOVID-19HypertensionEnglandHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisPandemicsAtrial fibrillationCardiovascular diseaseCOVID-19 impactHealth inequalitiesHypertension

Identifiers

PMID38062484
PMCPMC10702024
OpenAlexW4389445593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.