ArticleBMC public health2023
Spatiotemporal variations of "triple-demic" outbreaks of respiratory infections in the United States in the post-COVID-19 era.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-circulating pathogens of humans: a systematic review of mechanistic transmission models.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Review
- Seasonal dynamics and burden of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and COVID-19 in Brazil: a national surveillance study (2019-2023).Journal of global health · 2026Observational
- Variation in Emergency Department Experience With Pediatric Critical Illness.Annals of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Post-COVID impairment of T cell responses to community-acquired pathogens can be modified by activating cellular metabolism.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- A subunit vaccine for multiple respiratory viruses.Science advances · 2026Article
- Comparison of univariate and multivariate spatial scan statistics in detecting geographic clusters of croup cases in Alberta.International journal of health geographics · 2026Article
- Interactions of SARS-CoV-2, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus influence epidemic timing and risk.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Post-COVID impairment of memory T cell responses to community-acquired pathogens can be rectified by activating cellular metabolism.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on air purifier filters in university spaces without symptomatic or confirmed cases.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2025Article
- A high precision and speed question answering system about the post-COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative Performance of Digital PCR and Real-Time RT-PCR in Respiratory Virus Diagnostics.Viruses · 2025Article
- Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses in Respiratory Specimens Using the VitaSIRODiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Is COVID-19 Associated With an Increased Risk of Subsequent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Adults? A Prospective Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Respiratory Infections After Nonpharmacological Interventions for COVID-19 in China Have Ended: Using Machine Learning Approaches to Support Pathogen Prediction at Admission.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- Performance Evaluation of a Fully Automated Molecular Diagnostic System for Multiplex Detection of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B Viruses, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Outcomes and Risk Factors for Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Mortality in Patients With Lymphoma or Multiple Myeloma: A 7-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Outpatient antibiotic stewardship during the COVID-19 era: analysis of prescribing trends and guideline compliance.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe US confronted a "triple-demic" of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and COVID-19 in the winter of 2022, leading to increased respiratory infections and a higher demand for medical supplies. It is urgent to analyze these epidemics and their spatial-temporal co-occurrence, identifying hotspots and informing public health strategies.
methodsWe employed retrospective and prospective space-time scan statistics to assess the situations of COVID-19, influenza, and RSV in 51 US states from October 2021 to February 2022, and from October 2022 to February 2023, respectively. This enabled monitoring of spatiotemporal variations for each epidemic individually and collectively.
resultsCompared to winter 2021, COVID-19 cases decreased while influenza and RSV infections significantly increased in winter 2022. We found a high-risk cluster of influenza and COVID-19 (not all three) in winter 2021. In late November 2022, a large high-risk cluster of triple-demic emerged in the central US. The number of states at high risk for multiple epidemics increased from 15 in October 2022 to 21 in January 2023.
conclusionsOur study offers a novel spatiotemporal approach that combines both univariate and multivariate surveillance, as well as retrospective and prospective analyses. This approach offers a more comprehensive and timely understanding of how the co-occurrence of COVID-19, influenza, and RSV impacts various regions within the United States. Our findings assist in tailor-made strategies to mitigate the effects of these respiratory infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.