ArticleBMC medical research methodology2023
Competing-risks analysis for evaluating the prognosis of patients with microinvasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma based on the SEER database.
Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender disparities in the overall survival of patients with minimally invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: a retrospective analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Equitable Donor Assessment Model of Deceased Donor Kidney Quality.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Prognostic model for three-year postoperative local recurrence in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a Chinese multicenter cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- A population-based study using nomograms to predict overall and cancer-specific survival in HPV-associated CSCC.Cancer science · 2025Article
- Cellular hierarchy for understanding heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia with t(8;21)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUtilizing the traditional Cox regression model to identify the factors affecting the risk of mortality due to microinvasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (micSCC) may produce skewed results. Since cause-specific mortality can guide clinical decision-making, this study employed the Fine-Gray model based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify significant predictive variables for the risk of micSCC-related mortality.
methodsThis study used the information of patients with micSCC who were listed in the SEER database during 2000-2015. Cox regression and Fine-Gray models were utilized for the multivariable analysis, and Gray's test and the cumulative incidence function were used for the univariable analyses.
resultsThere were 100 patients who died from other reasons and 38 who died from micSCC among the 1259 qualified patients with micSCC. Most were female, white, married, had localized metastasis, etc. According to the univariable Gray's test (P < 0.05), the cumulative incidence rate for events of interest was strongly associated with age, sex, marital status, American Joint Committee on Cancer staging, radiation status, summary stage, chemotherapy status, surgery status, and tumor size. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and multivariable competing-risks analysis indicated that age, tumor size, and income were independent risk variables for the prognosis of patients with micSCC. In both age and tumor size variables, the competing-risks model showed a slight decrease in the hazard ratio and a slight narrowing of the 95% confidence interval compared with the Cox regression model. However, this pattern is not evident in the income variable.
conclusionsThis study established a Fine-Gray model for identifying the independent risk factors that influence the risk of mortality among patients with micSCC. This study uncovers that, in the context of competing risks, age, tumor size, and income serve as independent risk factors influencing the risk of mortality due to micSCC among patients. Our findings have the potential to provide more accurate risk assessments for patient outcomes and contribute to the development of individualized treatment plans.
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