Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38061372›Full record

Trial reportThe lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology2024

Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial.

EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative Group

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase III
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
19.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. ASN Kidney Health Guidance on the Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026
    Guideline
  3. Pooled it
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  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
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  10. Trial
  11. Article
  12. Review
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  17. IgA nephropathy management: what does the future hold?Kidney international supplements · 2026
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 3 countries.

EMPA-KIDNEY Collaborative Group
Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany) · DE

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_23037Medical Research Council MC_U137686853Medical Research Council MC_UU_00017/3Medical Research Council MR/R007764/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population.

methodsEMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m

findingsBetween May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (p

interpretationIn a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease.

fundingBoehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2HypertensionRenal InsufficiencyRenal Insufficiency, ChronicBenzhydryl CompoundsDisease ProgressionGlomerular Filtration RateGlucosidesHumansKidneyBenzhydryl CompoundsempagliflozinGlucosides

Identifiers

PMID38061372
PMCPMC7618536
OpenAlexW4389295992

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.