ArticleCureus2023
Pain Management Strategies for Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections in Children: A Comprehensive National Survey and Procedural Protocol.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Between Anxiety and Adaptation: Children's and Parents' Experiences with Botulinum Toxin Treatment in Cerebral Palsy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBotulinum toxin type A injections are a first-line treatment for spasticity in children. Our purpose is to delineate the national landscape concerning pain management for botulinum toxin type A injections in pediatric patients and to formulate a protocol grounded in current scientific evidence.
methodsWe conducted a nationwide survey targeting physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists performing botulinum toxin type A injections for focal spasticity in children in Portugal. We conducted a literature review to compare the survey results with clinical guidelines, good practice manuals, and protocols published in the literature. Finally, we developed a procedural protocol for pain management in botulinum toxin procedures.
resultsThe survey was completed by 17 out of 18 identified specialists. All but one use some form of periprocedural analgesia. Five do not use any type of sedation. The majority do not assess pain during the procedures. From the reviewed articles, we obtained 23 articles, 19 of which provided data for detailed analysis.
conclusionsA prevailing concern centers around pain management during botulinum toxin procedures in children. Nevertheless, a distinct absence of uniformity persists in appraising and managing procedure-related pain. This notion is further underscored by the marked heterogeneity and paucity of published literature within this realm. The systematic implementation of a procedural protocol thus becomes highly crucial.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.