Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38057741›Full record

ArticleBMC medical research methodology2023

Time and change: a typology for presenting research findings in qualitative longitudinal research.

Åsa Audulv, Thomas Westergren, Mette Spliid Ludvigsen, Mona Kyndi Pedersen, Liv Fegran, Elisabeth O C Hall, Hanne Aagaard, Nastasja Robstad, Åsa Kneck

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
11.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.

Åsa AudulvDepartment of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. asa.audulv@umu.se.
Thomas WestergrenDepartment of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Mette Spliid LudvigsenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mona Kyndi PedersenCentre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring, Denmark.
Liv FegranDepartment of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Elisabeth O C HallFaculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Hanne AagaardLovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway.
Nastasja RobstadDepartment of Health and Nursing Science, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Åsa KneckDepartment of Health Care Sciences, Marie Cederschöld University, Stockholm, Sweden.
University of Agder · NOAarhus University · DKLovisenberg Diakonale Høgskole · NOMarie Cederschiöld University · SENorth Denmark Region · DKUmeå University · SEUniversity of Stavanger · NOUniversity of the Faroe Islands · FO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundQualitative longitudinal research (QLR) is an emerging methodology used in health research. The method literature states that the change in a phenomenon through time should be the focus of any QLR study, but in empirical studies, the analysis of changes through time is often poorly described, and the emphasis on time/change in the findings varies greatly. This inconsistency might depend on limitations in the existing method literature in terms of describing how QLR studies can present findings. The aim of this study was to develop and describe a typology of alternative approaches for integrating time and/or change in QLR findings.

methodsIn this method study, we used an adapted scoping review design. Articles were identified using EBSCOhost. In total, methods and results sections from 299 QLR articles in the field of health research were analyzed with inspiration from content analysis.

resultsWe constructed a typology of three types and seven subtypes. The types were based on the underlying structural principles of how time/change was presented: Type A) Findings have a low utilization of longitudinal data, Type B) Findings are structured according to chronological time, and Type C) Findings focus on changes through time. These types differed in 1) the way the main focus was on time, change or neither; 2) the level of interpretation in the findings; and 3) how theoretical understandings of time/change were articulated in the articles. Each type encompassed two or three subtypes that represented distinct approaches to the aim and results presentation of QLR findings.

conclusionsThis method study is the first to describe a coherent and comprehensive typology of alternative approaches for integrating time/change into QLR findings in health research. By providing examples of various subtypes that can be used for results presentations, it can help researchers make informed decisions suitable to their research intent.

Indexed as

Qualitative ResearchHumansLongitudinal StudiesLongitudinal studiesMethod studyQualitative researchRepeated data collectionResearch designTypology

Identifiers

PMID38057741
PMCPMC10698947
OpenAlexW4389389268

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.