ReviewWorld journal of microbiology & biotechnology2023
Antifungal properties of cathelicidin LL-37: current knowledge and future research directions.
Review in World journal of microbiology & biotechnology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- WHO Critical Priority Fungi: A Comprehensive Review of Antifungal Resistance, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and the Potential of Antifungal Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- LL-37: Biological Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Applications in Intestinal Disease.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Heteroaggregation of Antimicrobial Peptides LL-37 and HNP‑1 Drives Cooperative Neutralization of Cytotoxicity.JACS Au · 2026Article
- Non-specific Protein and Peptide Antibacterial Factors of Mammals.The protein journal · 2026Review
- Vitamin D-AMP axis in host defense against fungal infections.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Antifungal peptides: From modes of action to synergistic and immunologic potential.Cell stress · 2026Article
- Structural and Functional Insights into Viral and Fungal Proteins Involved in Chronic Inflammation and Their Biologic Treatments.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Repositioning Antimicrobial Peptides Against WHO-Priority Fungi.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- The Contribution of Human Antimicrobial Peptides to Fungi.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Human antimicrobial/host defense peptide LL-37 may prevent the spread of a local infection through multiple mechanisms: an update.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for fungal infections: mechanisms, applications, and challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Effects of the Tobacco Defensin NaD1 Against Susceptible and Resistant Strains ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- ControllingInfection and immunity · 2024Review
- Biomimetic Antifungal Materials: Countering the Challenge of Multidrug-Resistant Fungi.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- pH- and Matrix Metalloproteinase-Responsive Multifunctional Bilayer Microneedles Platform for Treatment of Tinea Pedis.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Article
- Antifungal peptides from living organisms.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The threat of fungal diseases is substantially underestimated worldwide, but they have serious consequences for humans, animals, and plants. Given the limited number of existing antifungal drugs together with the emergence of drug-resistant strains, many researchers have actively sought alternatives or adjuvants to antimycotics. The best way to tackle these issues is to unearth potential antifungal agents with new modes of action. Antimicrobial peptides are being hailed as a promising source of novel antimicrobials since they exhibit rapid and broad-spectrum microbicidal activities with a reduced likelihood of developing drug resistance. Recent years have witnessed an explosion in knowledge on microbicidal activity of LL-37, the sole human cathelicidin. Herein, we provide a summary of the current understanding about antifungal properties of LL-37, with particular emphasis on its molecular mechanisms. We further illustrate fruitful areas for future research. LL-37 is able to inhibit the growth of clinically and agronomically relevant fungi including Aspergillus, Candida, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Malassezia, Pythium, and Trichophyton. Destruction of the cell wall integrity, membrane permeabilization, induction of oxidative stress, disruption of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, formation of autophagy-like structures, alterations in expression of numerous fungal genes, and inhibition of cell cycle progression are the key mechanisms underlying antifungal effects of LL-37. Burgeoning evidence also suggests that LL-37 may act as a potential anti-virulence peptide. It is hoped that this review will not only motivate researchers to conduct more detailed studies in this field, but also inspire further innovations in the design of LL-37-based drugs for the treatment of fungal infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.