ArticleScientific reports2023
Early brain microstructural development among preterm infants requiring caesarean section versus those delivered vaginally.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurological Outcomes in Late Preterm Infants: An Updated Review of Recent Research and Clinical Insights.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis and central nervous system diseases: from mechanisms of pathogenesis to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Modified neuroimmune processes and emotional behaviour in weaned and late adolescent male and female mice born via caesarean section.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Neurological Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
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8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
It is known that the rate of caesarean section (C-section) has been increasing among preterm births. However, the relationship between C-section and long-term neurological outcomes is unclear. In this study, we utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to characterize the association of delivery method with brain white matter (WM) microstructural integrity in preterm infants. We retrospectively analyzed the DTI scans and health records of preterm infants without neuroimaging abnormality on pre-discharge term-equivalent MRI. We applied both voxel-wise and tract-based analyses to evaluate the association between delivery method and DTI metrics across WM tracts while controlling for numerous covariates. We included 68 preterm infants in this study (23 delivered vaginally, 45 delivered via C-section). Voxel-wise and tract-based analyses revealed significantly lower fractional anisotropy values and significantly higher diffusivity values across major WM tracts in preterm infants delivered via C-section when compared to those delivered vaginally. These results may be partially, but not entirely, mediated by lower birth weight among infants delivered by C-section. Nevertheless, these infants may be at risk for delayed neurodevelopment and could benefit from close neurological follow up for early intervention and mitigation of adverse long-term outcomes.
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