ReviewImmunological reviews2024
The immune system in Down Syndrome: Autoimmunity and severe infections.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting down syndrome through the lens of interferonopathy and innate immune dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- T-cell responses to primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in Down syndrome - From childhood to adulthood.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Observational
- Clinical considerations for immune dysregulation and immunodeficiency in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Immune dysregulation in children with Down syndrome: clinical implications and emerging therapies.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2026Review
- Immune Dysregulation in Down Syndrome: Implications for Infectious Susceptibility and Vaccine Response.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Review
- How I Treat: Immune dysregulation in Down syndrome.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Sudden death in a child with sickle cell disease and trisomy 21 due to invasive pneumococcal disease: a forensic case report.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2026Article
- Vaccination in individuals with Down syndrome: immune vulnerability, safety, efficacy and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Toward a monogenic architecture of human infections: From 1996 to 2026.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Interleukin-1 Polymorphisms in Caucasian Adults with Down Syndrome and Advanced Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Interferon receptor gene dosage differentially regulates hypoxia-induced platelet activation and pulmonary hypertension in down syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic interactions in individuals with down syndrome across childhood, adolescence and adulthood in relation to their siblings.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in adults with Down syndrome - a prospective cohort study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Observational
- Gestational age-based outcomes of neonates with Down syndrome in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU): review of pediatric health information system (PHIS) database.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Clinical and Immunological Impact of JAK Inhibition in Concurrent Down Syndrome and STAT1 Gain of Function.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Dural ectopic lymphatic structures accumulate during aging and exhibit dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Perioperative Complications in Children with Down Syndrome: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis-Original Clinical Research Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Hospital-based Introduction of Untested High-risk Foods for Down Syndrome Infant with Severe Food Protein-induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: A Case Report.JMA journal · 2025Article
- DYRK1A in blood and immune function: implications in leukemia, inflammatory disorders, infection and Down syndrome.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Over 200,000 individuals in the United States alone live with Down Syndrome (DS), the most common genetic disorder associated with intellectual disability. DS has a constellation of features across the body, including dysregulation of the immune system. Individuals with DS have both a higher frequency of autoimmunity and more severe infections than the general population, highlighting the importance of understanding the immune system in this population. Individuals with DS present with dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Elevated cytokine levels, increased type I and type II IFN signaling, a shift toward memory phenotypes in T cells, and a decrease in the size of the B-cell compartment are observed in individuals with DS, which contribute to both autoinflammation and severe infections. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge of the immune system in individuals with Down Syndrome as well as ideas of necessary further investigations to decipher the mechanisms by which trisomy 21 leads to immune dysregulation, with the ultimate goal of identifying clinical targets to improve treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.