ArticleThorax2024
Neutrophil responses to RSV infection show differences between infant and adult neutrophils.
Article in Thorax, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Programmed cell death in human respiratory syncytial virus infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Infant respiratory syncytial virus and childhood asthma: a nationwide registry-based, sibling-controlled, and genome-wide association study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Neutrophil myeloperoxidase as a functional biomarker for RSV severity: implications for in vitro therapeutic screening.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The crucial role of RIG-I in upregulating neutrophil CXCR2 expression through the MAPK signaling pathway in viral pneumonia.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Review
- Mucosal IL-36 is a defining feature of severe paediatric bronchiolitis.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Dynamics in Viral Infections: Drivers of Inflammation and Targets for Pro-Resolving Therapies.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Review
- Review
- Comparison of immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus in infancy, childhood, and adulthood using an in vitro model of human respiratory infection.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Bronchiolitis Severity Affects Blood Count and Inflammatory Marker Levels: A Real-Life Experience.Viruses · 2025Article
- Nuclear receptor 4A1 is critical for neutrophil-dependent pulmonary immunity toFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a severe respiratory condition, bronchiolitis, in infants but not in adults. Bronchiolitis is characterised by neutrophilic infiltration in the airways, but whether neutrophils enhance recovery from infection or contribute to its pathology remains unknown.
methodsWe used a novel in-vitro model to compare term umbilical cord blood (infant) (n=17 donors) and adult neutrophils (n=15 donors) during migration across RSV-infected differentiated human nasal airway epithelial cells (AECs) in a basolateral to apical direction.
resultsGreater numbers of infant neutrophils (mean (95% CI)) (336 684 (242 352 to 431 015)) migrated across RSV-infected AECs to the apical compartment (equivalent to the airway lumen) compared with adult neutrophils (56 586 (24 954 to 88 218)) (p<0.0001). Having reached the apical compartment of infected AECs, much greater numbers of infant neutrophils (140 787 (103 117 to 178 456)) became apoptotic compared with adult (5853 (444 to 11 261)) (p=0.002). Infant neutrophils displayed much greater expression of CD11b, CD64, neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) than adult neutrophils at baseline and at all points of migration. However, as adult neutrophils migrated, expression of CD11b, CD64, NE and MPO became greater than at baseline. DISCUSSION: The high proportion of infant neutrophils migrating across RSV-infected AECs correlates with the neutrophilic infiltrate seen in infants with severe RSV bronchiolitis, with large numbers undergoing apoptosis, which may represent a protective mechanism during infection. Compared with adult neutrophils, infant neutrophils already have high expression of surface markers before contact with AECs or migration, with less capacity to increase further in response to RSV infection or migration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.