ReviewThe oncologist2024
Present and Future of Immunotherapy in Patients With Glioblastoma: Limitations and Opportunities.
Review in The oncologist, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond the mutation: integrating radiogenomics, epigenetics, and immune signatures to overcome therapeutic resistance in CNS tumors: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- NF-κB and STAT3 signaling uniquely stratify survival in female glioblastoma patients.iScience · 2026Article
- Antibody therapies in glioblastoma: Overcoming micro-environmental barriers.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- A characterisation of the immune cells in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice with orthotopic brain tumors.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- The glymphatic system in oncology: from the perspective of a radiation oncologist.Journal of radiation research · 2025Review
- TAMs-specific ARF1 inhibition reprograms glioma microenvironment and enhances the therapeutic effect of oncolytic adenovirus.iScience · 2025Article
- The Metabolic Orchestration of Immune Evasion in Glioblastoma: From Molecular Perspectives to Therapeutic Vulnerabilities.Cancers · 2025Review
- Nanotherapy of Glioblastoma-Where Hope Grows.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Modulation of the Immune Environment in Glioblastoma by the Gut Microbiota.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Recent Treatment Strategies and Molecular Pathways in Resistance Mechanisms of Antiangiogenic Therapies in Glioblastoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor. Standard therapies, including surgical resection, chemoradiation, and tumor treating fields, have not resulted in major improvements in the survival outcomes of patients with GBM. The lack of effective strategies has led to an increasing interest in immunotherapic approaches, considering the success in other solid tumors. However, GBM is a highly immunosuppressive tumor, as documented by the presence of several mechanisms of immune escape, which may represent a reason why immunotherapy clinical trials failed in this kind of tumor. In this review, we examine the current landscape of immunotherapy strategies in GBM, focusing on the challenge of immunoresistance and potential mechanisms to overcome it. We discussed completed and ongoing clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses, vaccines, and CAR T-cell therapies, to provide insights into the efficacy and outcomes of different immunotherapeutic interventions. We also explore the impact of radiotherapy on the immune system within the GBM microenvironment highlighting the complex interactions between radiation treatment and the immune response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.